Introduction of John Forbes Nash John Forbes Nash, Jr。 (born June 13, 1928) is an American mathematician whose works in game theory, differential geometry, and partial differential equations have provided insight into the forces that govern chance and events inside complex systems in daily life。
His theories are still used today in market economics, computing, artificial intelligence, accounting and military theory。
Serving as a Senior Research Mathematician at Princeton University during the later part of his life, he shared the 1994 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences with game theorists Reinhard Selten and John Harsanyi。
Nash is the subject of the Hollywood movie A Beautiful Mind, which was nominated for eight Academy Awards (winning four)。
The film, based very loosely on the biography of the same name, focuses on Nash's mathematical genius and his struggle with paranoid schizophrenia。
约翰·福布斯·纳什（John Forbes Nash Jr。，1928年6月13日—），又译约翰·纳许，美国数学家，前麻省理工学院助教，主要研究博弈论和微分几何学。1994年，他和其他两位博弈论学家约翰·C·海萨尼(John Harsanyi)和莱因哈德·泽尔腾共同获得了诺贝尔经济学奖。
1950年，纳什获得美国普林斯顿高等研究院的博士学位，他在那篇仅仅27页的博士论文中提出了一个重要概念，也就是后来被称为“纳什均衡”的博弈理论。 作为1994年诺贝尔经济学奖获得者，纳什在普林斯顿读博士时刚刚20岁出头，他的一篇关于非合作博弈的博士论文和其他两篇相关文章确立了他博弈论大师的地位。
到上世纪50年代末，他已是闻名世界的大牌科学家了。然而，正当他的事业如日中天的时候，天妒英才，他得了严重的精神分裂症。多亏前妻艾莉西亚的爱心呵护和普林斯顿大学诸多朋友和同事无私的帮助才没有使他流落街头，并最终把他推上诺贝尔经济学奖宝座（1994年获奖）。
纳什说，他其实只做了两件事情：一是研究过讨价还价的问题；二是关注了经济问题并从数学的角度加以分析。 。
JohnForbesNash,Jr。1928-,Americanmathematician,b。Bluefield,W。Va。,grad。CarnegieInstituteofTechnology(nowCarnegie-MellonUniv。
, dM。A。1948),Ph。D。Princeton1950。Duringafive-yearperiod,beginningwithhisdoctoralthesisin1949,heestablishedthemathematicalprinciplesofmoderngametheory(seegames,theoryof)。
Infourpaperspublishedbetween1950-53hemadeseminalcontributionstobothnon-cooperativegametheoryandtobargainingtheory。Hebegantoexperience what he termed "mental disturbances" in 1959 and remained in seclusion for the next 30 years, suffering from paranoid schizophrenia, which he blamed on the mental effort expended in resolving contradictions in quantum theory。
Nash returned to his academic research once the disease was in remission, and for his landmark work on the mathematics of game theory he shared the 1994 Nobel memorial economics prize with Hungarian-American economist John Harsanyi and German mathematician Reinhard Selten。
Nash wrote Essays on Game Theory (1997)。 。
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