Part I Writing (30 minutes)

Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to learn Please recommend a place to You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180

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Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)

Section A News Report

Directions： In this section, you will hear three news At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the

Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just

A) The number of male nurses has gone

B) There is discrimination against male

C) There is a growing shortage of medical

D) The number of nurses has dropped to a record

A) Working

B) Educational

C) Inadequate

D) Cultural

Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just

A) He fell out of a

B) He was almost

C) He lost his way on a

D) He enjoyed swimming in the

A) The lifeboats patrol the area round the

B) The beach is a good place to watch the

C) The emergency services are

D) The beach is a popular tourist

Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just

A) It climbed 25 storeys at one

B) It broke into an office

C) It escaped from a local

D) It became an online

A) Release it into the

B) Return it to its

C) Send it back to the

D) Give it a physical

A) A racoon can perform acts no human

B) A racoon can climb much higher than a

C) The racoon did something no politician

D) The raccoon became as famous as some

Section B Conversation

Directions： In this section, you will hear two long At the end of each conversations you will hear four Both the conversations and the question-s will be spoken only After you hear a You must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the

Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just

A) She received a bonus

B) She got a well-paying job in a

C She received her first monthly

D) She got a pay raise for her

A) Two decades

B) Several years

C) Just last

D) Right after

A) He sent a small check to his

B) He treated his parents to a nice

C) He took a few of his friends to a

D) He immediately deposited it in a

A) Join her colleagues for gym

B) Visit her former university

C) Buy some professional

D) Budget her salary

Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just

A) He has just too many things to attend

B) He has been overworked

C) He has a difficult decision to

D) He has just quarreled with his

A) Turn to his girlfriend for

B) Give priority to things more

C) Think twice before making the

D) Seek advice from his family and

A) His girlfriend does not support his

B) He is not particularly keen on the job

C) He lacks the money for his doctoral

D) His parents and advisor have different

A)They need time to make

B) They haven't started their careers

C) They need to save enough money for

D) They haven't won their parents'

Section C Passage

Directions： In this section, you will hear three At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the

Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just

A) Expressing ideas and opinions

B) Enriching social and intellectual

C) Acquiring information and professional

D) Using information to understand and solve

A) Traveling to different places in the

B) Playing games that challenge one's

C) Improving mind-reading

D) Reading classic scientific

A) Participate in debates or

B) Expose themselves to different

C) Discard personal biases and

D) Give others freedom to express

Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just

A) Why dogs can be faithful friends of

B) The nature of relationships between

C) The reason a great many people love

D) How dogs feel about their bonds with

A) They behave like other animals in many

B) They have an unusual sense of

C) They can respond to humans'

D) They can fall in love just like

A) They stay with one partner for

B) They have their own joys and

C) They experience true romantic

D) They help humans in various

Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just

A) A rare

B) A historical

C) A cow

D) A precious

A) Dating

B) Preserving

C) Measuring

D) Identifying

A) The channel needs to interview the

B) The boy should have called an

C) The boy's family had acted

D) The site should have been

A) Conduct a more detailed

B) Ask the university to reward

C) Search for similar fossils

D) Seek additional funds for the

Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)

Section A

Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the Read the passage through carefully before making your Each choice in the bank is identified by a Please mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the You may not use any of the words in the bank more than

Finally, some good news about airplane If you are on a plane with a sick passenger, you are unlikely to get That is the __26__ of a new study that looked at how respiratory (呼吸道) viruses __27__ on Researchers found that only people who were seated in the same row as a passenger with the flu, for example -- or one row in front of or behind that individual -- had a high risk of catching the All other passengers had only a very __28__ chance of getting sick, according to the Media reports have not necessarily presented __29__ information about the risk of getting infected on an airplane in the Therefore, these new findings should help airplane passengers to feel less __30__ to catching respiratory infections while traveling by

Prior to the new study, little was known about the risks of getting __31__ infected by common respiratory viruses, such as the flu or common cold, on an airplane, the researchers So, to __32__ the risks of infection, the study team flew on 10 different __33__ in the during the flu The researchers found that passengers sitting within two seats on __34__ side of a person infected with the flu, as well as those sitting one row in front of or behind this individual, had about an 80 percent chance of getting But other passengers were __35__ safe from They had a less than 3 percent chance of catching the

A) accurate

B) conclusion

C) directly

D) either

E) evaluate

F) explorations

G) flights

H) largely

I) nearby

J) respond

K) slim

L) spread

M) summit

N) vividly

O) vulnerable

Section B

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify the paragraph from which the information is You may choose a paragraph more than Each paragraph is marked with a Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet

Is Breakfast Really the Most Important Meal of the Day?

A) Along with old classics like "carrots give you night vision" and "Santa doesn't bring toys to misbehaving children", one of the most well-worn phrases of tired parents everywhere is that breakfast is the most important meal of the Many of us grow up believing that skipping breakfast is a serious mistake, even if only two thirds of adults in the UK eat breakfast regularly, according to the British Dietetic Association, and around three-quarters of

B) "The body uses a lot of energy stores for growth and repair through the night," explains diet specialist Sarah "Eating a balanced breakfast helps to up our energy, as well as make up for protein and calcium used throughout the " But there's widespread disagreement over whether breakfast should keep its top spot in the hierarchy (等级) of There have been concerns around the sugar content of cereal and the food industry's involvement in pro-breakfast research -- and even one claim from an academic that breakfast is "dangerous".

C) What's the reality? Is breakfast a necessary start to the day or a marketing tactic by cereal companies? The most researched aspect of breakfast(and breakfast-skipping) has been its links to Scientists have different theories as to why there's a relationship between the In one US study that analysed the health data of 50,000 people over seven years, researchers found that those who made breakfast the largest meal of the day were more likely to have a lower body mass index (BMI) than those who ate a large lunch or The researchers argued that breakfast helps reduce daily calorie intake and improve the quality of our diet -- since breakfast foods are often higher in fibre and

D) But as with any study of this kind, it was unclear if that was the cause -- or if breakfast-skippers were just more likely to be overweight to begin To find out, researchers designed a study in which 52 obese women took part in a 12-week weight loss All had the same number of calories over the day, but half had breakfast, while the other half did What they found was that it wasn't breakfast itself that caused the participants to lose weight: it was changing their normal

E) If breakfast alone isn't a guarantee of weight loss, why is there a link between obesity and breakfast-skipping? Alexandra Johnstone, professor of appetite research at the University of Aberdeen, argues that it may simply be because breakfast-skippers have been found to be less knowledgeable about nutrition and "There are a lot of studies on the relationship between breakfast eating and possible health outcomes, but this may be because those who eat breakfast choose to habitually have health-enhancing behaviours such as regular exercise and not smoking," she

F) A 20XX review of 10 studies looking into the relationship between breakfast and weight management concluded there is "limited evidence" supporting or refuting (反驳) the argument that breakfast influences weight or food intake, and more evidence is required before breakfast recommendations can be used to help prevent

G) Researches from the University of Surrey and University of Aberdeen are halfway through research looking into the mechanisms behind how the time we eat influences body Early findings suggest that a bigger breakfast is beneficial to weight Breakfast has been found to affect more than just Skipping breakfast has been associated with a 27% increased risk of heart disease, a 21% higher risk of type 2 diabetes in men, and a 20% higher risk of type 2 diabetes in One reason may be breakfast's nutritional value -- partly because cereal is fortified (增加营养价值) with In one study on the breakfast habits of 1,600 young people in the UK, researchers found that the fibre and micronutrient intake was better in those who had breakfast There have been similar findings in Australia, Brazil, Canada and the

H) Breakfast is also associated with improved brain function, including concentration and language A review of 54 studies found that eating breakfast can improve memory, though the effects on other brain functions were However, one of the review's researchers, Mary Beth Spitznagel, says there is "reasonable" evidence breakfast does improve concentration -- there just needs to be more "Looking at studies that tested concentration, the number of studies showing a benefit was exactly the same as the number that found no benefit," she "And no studies found that eating breakfast was bad for "

I) What's most important, some argue, is what we eat for High-protein breakfasts have been found particularly effective in reducing the longing for food and consumption later in the day, according to research by the Australian Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research While cereal remains a firm favourite among breakfast consumers in the UK and US, a recent investigation into the sugar content of 'adult' breakfast cereals found that some cereals contain more than three-quarters of the recommended daily amount of free sugars in each portion, and sugar was the second or third highest ingredient in

J) But some research suggests if we're going to eat sugary foods, it's best to do it One study recruited 200 obese adults to take part in a 16-week-long diet, where half added dessert to their breakfast, and half didn' Those who added dessert lost an average of 40 pounds more -- however, the study was unable to show the long-term A review of 54 studies found that there is no consensus yet on what type of breakfast is healthier, and concluded that the type of breakfast doesn't matter as much as simply eating

K) While there's no conclusive evidence on exactly what we should be eating and when, the consensus is that we should listen to our own bodies and eat when we're "Breakfast is most important for people who are hungry when they wake up," Johnstone "Each body starts the day differently -- and those individual differences need to be researched more closely," Spitznagel "A balanced breakfast is really helpful, but getting regular meals throughout the day is more important to leave blood sugar stable through the day, which helps control weight and hunger levels," says "Breakfast isn't the only meal we should be getting "

According to one professor, obesity is related to a lack of basic awareness of nutrition and

Some scientists claim that people should consume the right kind of food at

Opinions differ as to whether breakfast is the most important meal of the

It has been found that not cating breakfast is related to the incidence of certain diseases in some

Researchers found it was a change in eating habits rather than breakfast itself that induced weight

To keep oneself healthy, eating breakfast is more important than choosing what to

It is widely considered wrong not to eat

More research is needed to prove that breakfast is related to weight loss or food

Pecople who prioritise breakfasts tend to have lower calorie but higher nutritional

Many studies reveal that eating breakfast helps people memorise and

Section C

Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three When the passage is read for the first time，you should listen carefully for its general the passage is read for the second time，you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just Finally，when the passage is read for the third time，you should check what you have

Passage One

Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following

Textbooks represent an 11 billion dollar industry, up from $8 billion in Textbook publisher Pearson is the largest publisher -- of any kind -- in the

It costs about $1 million to create a new A freshman textbook will have dozens of contributors, from subject-matter experts through graphic and layout artists to expert reviewers and classroom Textbook publishers connect professors, instructors and students in ways that alternatives, such as open e-textbooks and open educational resources, simply do This connection happens not only by means of collaborative development, review and testing, but also at conferences where faculty regularly decide on their textbooks and curricula for the coming

It is true that textbook publishers have recently reported losses, largely due to students renting or buying used print But this can be chalked up to the excessively high cost of their books -- which has increased over 1,000 percent since A restructuring of the textbook industry may well be in But this does not mean the end of the textbook

While they may not be as dynamic as an iPad, textbooks are not passive or For example, over the centuries, they have simulated (模拟) dialogues in a number of From 1800 to the present day, textbooks have done this by posing questions for students to answer inductively (归纳性地). That means students are asked to use their individual experience to come up with answers to general Today's psychology texts, for example, ask: "How much of your personality do you think you inherited?" while ones in physics say: "How can you predict where the ball you tossed will land?"

Experts observe that "textbooks come in layers, something like an " For an active learner, engaging with a textbook can be an interactive Readers proceed at their own They "customize" their books by engaging with different layers and Highlighting, Post-It notes, dog-ears and other techniques allow for further customization that students value in print books over digital forms of

What does the passage say about open educational resources?

A) They contribute to teaching as much as to

B) They don't profit as much as traditional textbooks

C) They can't connect professors and students as textbooks

D) They compete fercely for customers with textbook

What is the main cause of the publishers' losses?

A) Failure to meet student

B) Industry

C) Emergence of

D) Flling

What does the textbook industry need to do?

A) Reform its

B) Cut its retail

C) Find replacements for printed

D) Change its business strategy

What are students expected to do in the learning process?

A) Think carefully before answering each

B) Ask questions based on their own

C) Answer questions using their personal

D) Give answers showing their respective

What do experts say about students using textbooks?

A) They can digitalize the prints

B) They can leam in an interactive

C) They can purchase custonized

D) They can adapt the material

Passage Two

Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following

When we think of animals and plants, we have a pretty good way of dividing them into two distinct groups: one converts sunlight into energy and the other has to eat food to make its Well, those dividing lines come crashing down with the discovery of a sea slug (海蛞蝓) that's truly half animal and half It's pretty incredible how it has managed to hijack the genes of the algae (藻类) on which it

The slugs can manufacture chlorophyll, the green pigment (色素) in plants that captures energy from sunlight, and hold these genes within their The term kleptoplasty is used to describe the practice of using hijacked genes to create nutrients from And so far, this green sea slug is the only known animal that can be truly considered solar-powered, although some animals do exhibit some plant-like Many scientists have studied the green sea slugs to confirm that they are actually able to create energy from

In fact, the slugs use the genetic material so well that they pass it on to their future Their babies retain the ability to produce their own chlorophyll, though they can't generate energy from sunlight until they've eaten enough algae to steal the necessary genes, which they can't yet produce on their

"There's no way on earth that genes from an alga should work inside an animal cell," says Sidney Pierce from the University of South "And yet here, they They allow the animal to rely on sunshine for its So if something happens to their food source, they have a way of not starving to death until they find more algae to "

The sea slugs are so good at gathering energy from the sun that they can live up to nine months without having to eat any They get all their nutritional needs met by the genes that they've hijacked from the

What is the distinctive feature of a sea slug?

A) It looks like both a plant and an

B) It converts some sea animals into

C) It lives half on animals and half on

D) It gets energy from both food and

What enables the sea slug to live like a plant?

A) The genes it captures from the sea plant

B) The mechanism by which it conserves

C) The nutrients it hjacks from other

D) The green pigment it inberits from its

What does the author say about baby sea slugs?

A) They can live without sunlight for a long

B) They can absorb sunlight right after their

C) They can survive without algac for quite some

D) They can produce chlorophyl on their

What does Sidney Pierce say about genes fom an alga?

A) They are stolen from animals like the sea

B) They can't function unless exposed to

C) They don't usually function inside animal

D) They can readily be converted to sca slug

What do we learn about sea slugs from the passage?

A) They behave the way most plant species

B) They can survive for months without

C) They will turn into plants when they

D) They will starve to death without

Part IV Translation (30 minutes)

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into You should write your answer on Answer Sheet

中国的家庭观念与其文化传统有关。和睦的大家庭曾非常令人羡慕。过去四代同堂并不少见。由于这个传统，许多年轻人婚后继续与父母同住。今天，这个传统正在改变。随着住房条件的改善，越来越多年轻夫妇选择与父母分开住。但他们之间的联系仍然很密切。许多老年人仍然帮着照看孙辈。年轻夫妇也抽时间探望父母，特别是在春节和中秋节等重要节日。

四级真题参考答案(完整版)

Part I Writing

Dear Mike,

How's everything going? Last time you said you felt inclined to learn Chinese but had no clue where to So I'm writing to recommend a place to you -- the Confucius Institute, an established language center aimed to promote Chinese language and

The reasons for my recommendation are as Firstly, this Chinese government-funded educational institute is staffed by the most experienced, professional Chinese teachers, which ensures high-quality You can turn to them whenever you encounter difficulties in mastering the tones and the Secondly, students there are encouraged to take part in activities ranging from making traditional food to learning clligraphy, as a means of exposing them to the appealing aspects of Chinese Besides, the organization is now widely embraced by more than two million That means you aren' t alone as a beginner and will probably forge deep friendships with other

Learming a language from scratch won't be But I believe you'll find yourself having fun while improving your Chinese

Best wishes,

Li Hua

Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension

A

D

B

C

D

A

C

C

A

B

A

C

D

D

B

D

B

A

B

D

A

C

B

C

A

Part III Reading Comprehension

26-35：BLKAO CEGDH

36-45：EIBGD JAFCH

46-55：CDACB DADCB

Part IV Translation

China's family values are related to its cultural Harmonious extended families used to be very It was not uncommon in the past for four generations of a family to live under the same According to the tradition, many young people continued to live with their parents after Today, that tradition is As housing conditions improve, more and more young couples are opting to live apart from their But the connections between them still remain Many old people still help to look after their And young couples take time to visit their parents, especially during important festivals such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-Autumn

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