句子种类(精编8篇)
句子种类(1)
感叹句通常有what, how引导,表示赞美、惊叹、喜 悦、等感情。
what修饰名词,how 修饰形容词,副词或动词,感叹句结构主要有以下几种:
掌握它的搭配,即掌握了感叹句的重点。
How +形容词+ a +名词+陈述语序
How+形容词或副词+陈述语序
What +名词+陈述语序
What+a+形容词+名词+陈述语序
What+ 形容词+复数名词+ 陈述语序
What+ 形容词+不可数名词+ 陈述语序
How clever a boy he is!
How lovely the baby is!
What noise they are making!
What a clever boy he is!
What wonderful ideas (we have)!
What cold weather it is!
感叹句的省略形式为:
What a clever boy (he is)!
典型例题
1)___ food you've cooked!
How a What a How nice What nice
答案 由于How 修饰形容词,副词;what修饰名词。且food为不可数名词,因此A,B 排除。C How + 后面不能再加名词,因此只有D正确,其句型为What + + (不可数)
2)___terrible weather we've been having these days!
What What How How a
答案 weather为不可数名词,B,D排除。C为how + 后面不应有名词。只有A,符合句型What +形容词+不可数名词。
3) --- _____ I had!
--- You really suffered a
What a What time How a time how time
答案感叹句分两类:
1:What + +主谓部分
2:How + / / +主谓部分。本题属第一种,但省略了bad,相对于 What a bad time I had! 这是个习惯用语。
句子种类(2)
(一)按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
1) 陈述句(Declarative Sentences):说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。
Light travels faster than 光比声速度快。(说明事实)
The film is rather 这部电影很乏味。
(说明看法)
2) 疑问句(Interrogative Sentences):提出问题。有以下四种:
一般疑问句(General Questions):
Can you finish the work in time?
你能按时完成工作吗?
特殊疑问句(W Questions; H Questions):
Where do you live?你住那儿?
How do you know that? 你怎么知道那件事?
选择疑问句(Alternative Questions):
Do you want tea or coffee?
你是要茶还是要咖啡?
反意疑问句(Tag-Questions):
He doesn't know her, does he?
他不认识她,对不对?
3) 祈使句(Imperative Sentences):提出请求,建议或发出命令,例如:
Sit down, 请坐。
Don't be nervous!别紧张!
4) 感叹句(Exclamatory Sentences):表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪,例如:
What good news it is!多好的消息啊!
(二)句子按其结构可以分为以下三类:
1) 简单句(Simple Sentences):只包含一个主谓结构句子叫简单句,例如:
She is fond of collecting 她喜欢集邮。
(主) (谓)
2) 并列句(Compound Sentences):包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子叫并列句,句与句之间通常用并列连词或分号来连接,例如:
The food was good, but he had little
(主) (谓) (主)(谓)
食物很精美,但他却没什么胃口。
3) 复合句(Complex Sentences):包含一个主句从句和一个或几个从句的句子叫复合句,从句由从属连词引导,例如:
The film had begun when we got to the
主句 从句
我们到达电影院的时候,电影已经开演了。
(三)基本句型(Basic Sentence Patterns):英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由以下五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的:
1)主 + 动(SV)例如:
I 我工作。
2)主 + 动 + 表(SVP)例如:
John is 约翰忙。
3)主 + 动 + 宾(SVO)例如:
She studies 她学英语。
4)主 + 动 + 宾 + 补(SVOC)例如:
Time would prove me 时间会证明我是对的。
5)主 + 动 + 间宾 + 直宾(SVOiOd)例如:
My mother made me a new 我母亲给我做了一件新衣裳。
句子种类(3)
常考的强调句结构是it 引导的句子。
It is (was) 被强调部分+ that (who) + 句子其他部分。
此结构强调的成分仅限于主语,宾语和状语。
It is from the sun that we get light and
It was not until I had read your letter that I understood the true state of
典型例题
1) It was last night ___ I see the
答案 强调句的结构是: It +be +强调部分 + that (who) + 主谓句。强调句的连词只有两个,that和who。当强调的部分是人,且为句子的主语时,才用 "who",其余用that。
原句:My father did the experiment in the lab yesterday
强调主语: It was my father who did the experiment in the lab yesterday
强调宾语: It was the experiment that my father did in the lab yesterday
强调时间: It was yesterday evening that my father did the experiment in the (注意不用when)
强调地点: It was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday
2)It is ten years ___ Miss Green returned to
when since as
答案 考点是连词用法。 本题易误选为 其实本句不是强调句。若是,去掉It be… that还应是一个完整的句子。而本句去掉 'It is…that',只剩下ten years Miss Green returned to 不成句。因此本句不是强调句。
It is /was +时间+ since…其中is<---> has been was <---> had
句子种类(4)
定义:用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句,祈使句最常用于表达命令,因此在学校文法中也常称为命令句。
祈使句因对象(即主语)是第二人称,所以通常都省略。祈使句的动词都为一般现在时,句末则使用句号来表示结束。例:
Go and wash your
(去洗你的手。——命令)
Be quiet, (Please be )
(请安静。——请求)
Be kind to our
(对姊妹要和善。——劝告)
Watch your
(走路小心。——警告)
Look out!Danger!
(小心!危险!——强烈警告,已如感叹句)
Keep off the
(勿践草坪。——禁止)
No
(禁止停车。——禁止)
祈使句的否定通常使用“Don't …”,例如:
Don't let the dog (不要让那只狗进来。)
Don't touch, (请不要用手触摸。)
Don't be (别傻了。)
祈使句也常把主语“You”表达出来,使对方听起来觉得柔和些,例如:
You go and tell him, (克立斯你去告诉他。)
句子种类(5)
(一)按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
1) 陈述句(Declarative Sentences):说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。
Light travels faster than 光比声速度快。(说明事实)
The film is rather 这部电影很乏味。
(说明看法)
2) 疑问句(Interrogative Sentences):提出问题。有以下四种:
一般疑问句(General Questions):
Can you finish the work in time?
你能按时完成工作吗?
特殊疑问句(W Questions; H Questions):
Where do you live?你住那儿?
How do you know that? 你怎么知道那件事?
选择疑问句(Alternative Questions):
Do you want tea or coffee?
你是要茶还是要咖啡?
反意疑问句(Tag-Questions):
He doesn't know her, does he?
他不认识她,对不对?
3) 祈使句(Imperative Sentences):提出请求,建议或发出命令,例如:
Sit down, 请坐。
Don't be nervous!别紧张!
4) 感叹句(Exclamatory Sentences):表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪,例如:
What good news it is!多好的消息啊!
(二)句子按其结构可以分为以下三类:
1) 简单句(Simple Sentences):只包含一个主谓结构句子叫简单句,例如:
She is fond of collecting 她喜欢集邮。
(主) (谓)
2) 并列句(Compound Sentences):包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子叫并列句,句与句之间通常用并列连词或分号来连接,例如:
The food was good, but he had little
(主) (谓) (主)(谓)
食物很精美,但他却没什么胃口。
3) 复合句(Complex Sentences):包含一个主句从句和一个或几个从句的句子叫复合句,从句由从属连词引导,例如:
The film had begun when we got to the
主句 从句
我们到达电影院的时候,电影已经开演了。
(三)基本句型(Basic Sentence Patterns):英语中千变万化的句子归根结底都是由以下五种基本句型组合、扩展、变化而来的:
1)主 + 动(SV)例如:
I 我工作。
2)主 + 动 + 表(SVP)例如:
John is 约翰忙。
3)主 + 动 + 宾(SVO)例如:
She studies 她学英语。
4)主 + 动 + 宾 + 补(SVOC)例如:
Time would prove me 时间会证明我是对的。
5)主 + 动 + 间宾 + 直宾(SVOiOd)例如:
My mother made me a new 我母亲给我做了一件新衣裳。
句子种类(6)
祈使句用以表达命令,要求,请求,劝告等。
1) 祈使句有两种类型,一种是以动词原形开头,在动词原形之前加do (但只限于省略第二人称主语的句子)。
Take this
Do be
否定结构:
Don't
Don't be
2) 第二种祈使句以let开头。
Let 的反意疑问句
Let's 包括说话者
Let's have another try,shall we / shan't we?
= Shall we have another try?
us 不包括说话者
Let us have another try,will you / won't you?
= Will you please let us have another try?
否定结构:
Let's not talk of that
Let us not talk of that
句子种类(7)
常考的强调句结构是it 引导的句子。
It is (was) 被强调部分+ that (who) + 句子其他部分。
此结构强调的成分仅限于主语,宾语和状语。
It is from the sun that we get light and
It was not until I had read your letter that I understood the true state of
典型例题
1) It was last night ___ I see the
答案 强调句的结构是: It +be +强调部分 + that (who) + 主谓句。强调句的连词只有两个,that和who。当强调的部分是人,且为句子的主语时,才用 "who",其余用that。
原句:My father did the experiment in the lab yesterday
强调主语: It was my father who did the experiment in the lab yesterday
强调宾语: It was the experiment that my father did in the lab yesterday
强调时间: It was yesterday evening that my father did the experiment in the (注意不用when)
强调地点: It was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday
2)It is ten years ___ Miss Green returned to
when since as
答案 考点是连词用法。 本题易误选为 其实本句不是强调句。若是,去掉It be… that还应是一个完整的句子。而本句去掉 'It is…that',只剩下ten years Miss Green returned to 不成句。因此本句不是强调句。
It is /was +时间+ since…其中is<---> has been was <---> had
句子种类(8)
陈述部分的谓语 疑问部分
I aren't I
Wishmay +主语
no,nothing,nobody,never,
few, seldom, hardly, 肯定含义
rarely, little等否定
含义的词
ought to(肯定的) shouldn't/ oughtn't +主语
have to+(had to+)don't +主语(didn't +主语)
used to didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语
had better + 't you
would rather + 't +主语
you'd like to + wouldn't +主语
must 根据实际情况而定
感叹句中 be +主语
Neither…nor,
either…or 连接的根 据其实际逻辑意义而定
并列主语
指示代词或不定代词
everything,that,主语用it
nothing,this
并列复合句谓语根据邻近从句的谓语而定
定语从句,宾语从句的
主从复合句根据主句的谓语而定
think,believe,expect,
suppose,imagine等引导 与宾语从句相对应的从句
everybody,anyone,
somebody,nobody,no one复数they, 单数he
情态动词dare或need need (dare ) +主语
dare, need 为实义动词 do +主语
省去主语的祈使句 will you?
Let's 开头的祈使句 Shall we?
Let us 开头的祈使句Will you?
there be相应的谓语动词+there(省略主语代词)
否定前缀不能视为否定词 仍用否定形式
must表"推测"根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句