核心单词

add

增加;加;加起来;补充说;又说

常用结构：

add to增添;增加;增进

add 把……增添到……

add up合计，相加

add up to总数为;总计为

He added some wood to increase the

他添了一些木柴，使火更旺些。

If you add 4 to 3 you get 四加三得七。

Unit 1 Friendship

I should like to add that we are pleasedwith the test

我还要补充一下,我们对测试结果很满意。

I don’t want to add toyour

我不想给你添麻烦。

He wrote down the weight of each stone andthen added up all the

他把每一块石头的重量记下来，然后把所有的重量加在一起。[来源]

The figures add up to

这些数目加起来总和是137。

高手过招

单项填空

①That’s all I have to Is there anything you’dlike to ,

John?

talk require add deliver

②That is the very coin I need to my

(20XX·陕西西安一中检测)

add up add in add on add to

①解析：选C。考查动词辨析。句意为：我要说的就是这些，

约翰你还有什么要补充的吗?

②解析：选D。add to的意思是“添加到”。

upset

心烦意乱的;不安的;不适的

( upset, upset) 使不安;使心烦;打翻;打乱

联想拓展

be upset 被……打乱

upset oneself about 为某事烦恼

Our arrangements for the weekend were upsetby her

她一来把我们周末的安排给打乱了。

Don’t upset yourself —no harm has been

不要难过——并没有造成任何伤害。

He was horribly upset over her

他为她的病而忧心忡忡。

The students really upset 学生们着实让她烦恼。

高手过招

用upset的适当形式填空(原创)

①The food my

②She felt rather on hearing the

③Is it an message?

④Don’t be . It will be

①upset ②upset ③upsetting ④upset

ignore

不理睬;忽视

I said hello to her, but she ignored me

我向她打招呼，可是她根本不理我。

He ignored the speed limit and drove

他不顾时速限制，把车开得飞快。

联想拓展

ignorant (对某事物)不了解的;无知的;无学识的

be ignorant of/about 不知道;没有意识到

ignorance 无知;愚昧;不知道

be in ignorance of/about 不知道某事

易混辨析

ignore/neglect/overlook[来源:学#科#网Z#X#X#K]

ignore 通常指有意不顾，或不理会显而易见的事物。

neglect 侧重指有意的忽略或忽视，也可指粗心与疏忽。

overlook指因匆忙而疏忽或视而不见。

高手过招

(1)用ignore/neglect/overlook的适当形式填空(原创)

①We could not afford to such a serious

②He utterly my warnings and met with an

③Don’t to pay him a visit now and

(1)①overlook ②ignored ③neglect

(2)单项填空

—So you didn’t say hello to him lastnight?

—Well, I stopped and smiled when I sawhim, but he me and walked (20XX·杭州一模)

Ignored refused denied missed

(2)解析：选A。答句句意为：我看到他就停下来冲他微笑，但是

他没理我就走了。ignore不理睬，忽视;refuse拒绝;deny否认，

拒绝给予;miss怀念，错过。

concern

[U]关心，担心，担忧;[C]有利害关系的事

涉及，关系到，参与;使担心

联想拓展

concerning 关于[来源]

concerned 有关的;担心的

concern 与某人有关

be concerned with 牵涉，与……有关;参与

concern oneself with 关心

be concerned about/for/over 担心;关心某事

as/so far as be concerned关于;至于;就……而言

As far as I am concerned, you can gowherever you

就我而言，你什么时候走都行。

We read stories concerning visitors fromouter

我们读了关于天外来客的故事。

I was very concerned about my mother’

我很担心母亲的病情。

高手过招

(1)单项填空

The meeting was concerned reforms and everyone present was concerned their own

(20XX·福建厦门双十中学检测)

with; for ; which for; about about; with

(2)用concern的适当形式填空(原创)

①There is an article that the rise of the

②The children are rather about their mother’

③Officials should themselves public

(1)解析：选A。句意为：这次会议牵涉到改革，在场的每个人都很担心自己的利益。be concerned with 牵涉到,和……有关;be concerned for/about 担心;关心。

(2)①concerns ②concerned ③concern;with

settle

安家;定居;停留

使定居;安排;解决

Both wanted to settle their 双方都愿意尽弃前嫌。

常用结构：

settle down 镇定下来

settle in 在……定居

He settled his child in a corner of

他把孩子安顿在车厢的一个角落里。

The family has settled in

这家人已定居加拿大。

高手过招

单项填空

①—Doyou know anyone in Paris?

—’llmake friends once .(20XX·福建厦门六中检测)

I’m settled I have settled

I’ll besettled I’msettling

②The brake of your bicycle has come You’dbetter it .(20XX·陕西西安交大附中)

settle fix

pick correct

①解析：选A。settle作“安家”讲时，既可用settle，也可用be settled。本题是由once(一旦)引起的时间状语从句，故用一般现在时表将来。

②解析：选B。由句意可知，因为自行车的车闸坏了，因此要“修理”。

suffer

遭受;忍受;蒙受

后接from/for意为“受……之苦”，“患……疾病”

常用结构：

suffer an attack/a defeat/losses/pains

遭受打击/失败/损失/痛苦

He suffered hard pains from the

他忍受着事故带来的痛苦。

Do you suffer from headaches? 你经常头痛吗?

She’s suffering from loss of 她患有遗忘症。

联想拓展

sufferer 受苦者，受难者

suffering 痛苦，苦难

高手过招

(1)单项填空

In the countryside there are many dropouts(辍学者). I think the difficulty the poor economic (20XX·浙江嘉兴一轮检测)

lies in result in

leads to suffers from

(2)翻译句子

我们在金融危机中损失惨重。

(1)解析：选A。考查短语辨析。lie in在这里相当于because of。

(2)We suffered huge losses in thefinancial

重点短语

go through

经历;经受;检查;浏览;用完;做完

The country has gone through too many

这个国家经历了太多的战争。

She’s gone through abad patch

她最近经历了一段困难时期。

Have you gone through all your moneyalready?

你把所有的钱都花完了吗?

I went through the students’papers last

昨晚我仔细阅读了学生的试卷。

联想拓展

go after追求;追赶

go ahead 前进;请说(做)吧

go by走过;(时间)过去

go along with向前;(与)一起去

go in for爱好;从事

go out 外出;(灯，火)熄灭

go over 越过;复习

go through with 做完;完成

go up 爬上;(价格等)上升

高手过招

单项填空

①We’d better try to with the experiment, I Now let’s with (20XX·河南许昌一模)[来源:学_科_网]

go through; go on go on; go over

go over; go through go on; go through

②If a person has taken too much medicine by mistake, you should make the person .(20XX·平顶山一中月考)

go up rise up

throw up set up

①解析：选A。go through with 意思是“做完，完成”;go on with意思是“继续”。

②解析：选C。throw up的意思是“呕吐;吐出”。

get

让别人做某事/使得某事被做

done是过去分词作宾语补足语，与 done句型的用法一样。

get doing使某人/某事物……起来

get to do 使/让某人做某事

get done (状态的改变)get作系动词，相当于be

get away逃脱;离开

get back回来;取回

get by维持生活;通过

get down to 开始认真做某事

get in进站;到达;收集

get off下来;下车

get on上车;进展;进步

get cross(对……)生气，发脾气

get in one’s way挡路，妨碍

get used to doing 习惯做某事

get involved in涉及

get in touch with和……取得联系

get it了解，懂得，明白

高手过招

(1)单项填空

The final examination is coming up It’stime for us to our (20XX·河南焦作一中月考)

get down to get out

get back for get over

(2)完成句子(原创)

①讲解后，老师让我们思考起问题来。

Shortly after the explanation the teachergot us .

②我们将很快为你订制一套新衣服。

We will get a new suit for

③她试图使他说话。

She tried to get him .

(1)解析：选A。该题根据交际情景考查短语动词的用法。根据题意，此处指开始认真学习，故选A。get down to开始认真考虑，符合题意。get out出去，离开，逃脱，泄露;get back for回来，恢复;get over爬过;克服，熬过;恢复，原谅。故B、C、D三项均不符合题意。

(2)①thinking ②made ③to talk

set down

放下;记下;登记

Passengers may be set down and picked uponly at the official 乘客只有在正式车站方可上下车。

联想拓展

set about (doing ) 着手(做某事)

set out (to do )开始，着手(做某事)

set aside留出;不顾

set back(把钟等)往回拨;推迟

set free释放;解放

set off动身，出发(去某地);使

set out动身，出发;安排，组织

set up开办;建立;设立

set an example to树立榜样

set fire to set on fire纵火烧

be set in以……为背景

The bad weather set back the buildingprogramme by several

由于天气恶劣，建筑计划延误了好几个星期。

We need to set about finding a

我们得着手寻找一个解决办法。

温馨提示

set about 和setout都可作“开始/着手做某事”讲，但setabout 后加doing ，而set out后加 to do 。

高手过招

单项填空

As soon as he got to the office, he the students’

(20XX·山东济南一中月考)

got down to correct got down to correcting

set down to correcting sit down to correcting

解析：选B。get down to意思是“着手做某事”，其中to是介词，

后跟名词或动名词。

on purpose

故意

The boy broke Jack’swindow on He wanted to frighten

那男孩是故意打破杰克的窗玻璃的，他想吓一下杰克。

联想拓展

purpose 目的，用途;目标;重要意义

for the purpose of 为了……

to little/no purpose 作用不大/徒劳

The purpose of the book is to provide a completeguide to the

这本书的目的是全面介绍这所大学。

高手过招

用purpose的适当形式或短语填空(原创)

①He didn’t do it .

②What was your ?

①on purpose ②purpose

join in

参加;加入

They didn’thave enough time to join in the

他们没有足够的时间来参加这个活动。

联想拓展

join in 与某人一起做某事

join up入伍;参军

join up with 与某人联合;会合

join hands with 与某人拉起手来;合伙;联合

Will you join me in a walk? 你愿意和我一起散步吗?

Let us join hands in [来源:学科网]

让我们携手共建友谊吧。

易混辨析

join in/join/take part in/attend

join in 参加正在进行着的活动。如游戏、讨论、辩论、谈话等。

join ①参加某组织或团体，并成为其中一员;②来和某人待在一起。

take part in 参加会议或有组织的群众性活动，并在其中发挥一定的作用。

attend 正式用语，指参加会议、仪式、婚礼、葬礼、上课、上学、听报告等，句子的主语是去听去看，自己不一定起积极作用，相当于be present。

高手过招

用join/join in/take part in/attend的适当形式填空(原创)

①I decided to the club to have dance

②Would you like me to the game?

③I a meeting last

④I will have to his funeral next

①join ②join in ③took part in/attended ④attend

重点句型

your friend can’tgo until he/she finishes cleaning his/her

……但是你的朋友不把自行车弄干净不能走。

not until 意为“直到……才”，表示主句谓语的动作直到until状语的时间才发生，主句的谓语动词表示的是动作的开始。until引导从句时，如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动作，则主句用肯定式;如果主句中的谓语动词是短暂性动词，则用否定形式。

“Itis/was not until+被强调的部分+that ”相当于“Notuntil did (does, do, is )+主语 ”意为“直到……才”，是强调形式。[来源:学*科*网Z*X*X*K]

You must stay in bed until your temperature is

体温正常后，你才能起床。

He didn’tleave until the meeting was

直到会议结束他才离开。

It was not until she took off her darkglasses that I realized she was a film

=Not until she took off her dark glassesdid I realize she was a film

=I didn’trealize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark

直到她摘下墨镜我才认出她是一位电影明星。

高手过招

单项填空

①Not until , settle the (20XX·潍坊一轮验收)

he returns; can we he returns; we can

does he returns; we can does he return; we can

②It was back home after the

not until midnight did he go

until midnight that he didn’tgo

not until midnight that he went

until midnight when he didn’tgo

①解析：选A。当not until位于句首时句子需倒装。句意为：直到他回来我们才能解决这个问题。

②解析：选C。强调句型It is/was 对not until 进行强调时，需把not until 放到强调结构中，故选C。

While walking the dog, you werecareless and it got loose and was hit by a

遛狗的时候，你太大意了，一松手，狗就被车撞了。

while walking the dog是连词while加现在分词短语结构，强调分词的动作正在发生，相当于while you were walking the dog。

在时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句中，如果从句的主语与主句的主语一致，谓语含有系动词be，可以省略从句的主语和系动词be。

Whencrossing the street, you should be

过马路时，你应当小心。

If heated, water can be turned into

如果受热，水会变成蒸气。

温馨提示

在状语从句中，如果从句的主语为it时，也可以将it和助动词be省略。[来源:学科网]

Whenever possible they would stop him andask the three 可能的话，他们就让他停下问他这三个问题。

高手过招

单项填空

① with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem bigat (20XX·山东莱州检测)

Compares When comparing

Comparing When compared

② the two systems, little man foundthe latter (原创)

Compare When compared

Compared When comparing

①解析：选D。考查状语从句的省略用法。在状语从句中，如果从句的主语与主句的主语相同或者主语为it时，可以将从句中的主语或者it和助动词be省略。本句是将状语从句“When itis compared with the size of thewhole earth”中的it is省略，因此正确答案为D。

②解析：选D。考点省略。在状语从句中，当从句中的主语与主句的主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，通常采用省略形式。句中的littleman与compare之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故选D。

I wonder if it’sbecause I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’vegrown so crazy about everything to do with 我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。

此句中的it’是强调句型。关于强调句型，我们需要掌握以下几点：

(1)强调句型的基本结构：

“Itis/was+被强调的成分+that/who+其他成分”用来强调主语、宾语和状语等成分。that只起连接作用，不作成分，但不能省略。当被强调部分为作宾语时，可用who,也可用that,其他情况一律用that。强调主语时，that后的谓语动词必须与被强调的主语在人称与数上保持一致。

(2)特殊句式中的强调句型：

①如果强调的是特殊疑问句中的疑问词，表示“到底”、“究竟”等语气时，就用如下结构：

“特殊疑问词+is/was+it+that/who+该句的其余部分”，that/who后只能使用陈述语序。

②在“not ”结构中，由until所引导的短语(或从句)作时间状语时，要用固定的强调句型：“It+is/was+notuntil +that+该句的其余部分”，that所引导的从句中的谓语动词用肯定式。

(3)强调句型要注意和it代表时间、距离、温度、自然现象、具体事物或人物等时所构成的各种句型的区别。判断是否是强调句，可采用“还原法”。如果还原为一般句式后，句子各种成分完整，则是强调句，否则不是。

It was three o’clockwhen I got

我到家的时候三点。

It was at three o’clockthat I got

三点钟我到的家。

It was in his town that he was brought

他是在镇上被养大的。(强调句)

It was this town where/in which he wasbrought

这是他被抚养长大的城镇。(定语从句)

(4)英语中常用助动词do, does或did强调谓语。

He did go to the airport yesterday, but hedidn’t find

他昨天确实去了机场，但他没有找到你。

It is I that/who am going for a holidaywith

是我跟玛丽一块儿去度假。

When is it that we will have a meeting?

我们什么时候开会?

高手过招

单项填空

It is in that poor village, Mary lived and worked 15 years ago, she will build her first school, whichinspires everyone to help (原创)

where; when that; that

that; when where; that[来源:Z&xx&]

解析：选D。句意为：就是在那个她生活和工作了15年的贫穷的村庄，玛丽将要建起她的第一座学校，这一点鼓舞了人们来帮她。第一空为where引导的非限制性定语从句，第二空填that,构成强调句型，强调地点状语。

I don't want to set down a series offacts in a diary as most people do [来源:学科网]

我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账……

as引导的从句为比较状语从句，意为“像大多数人那么做”。

as 用作连词，可引导下列状语从句：

①引导时间状语从句，强调主句谓语与从句谓语的同时性;

②引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管，虽然，即使”(从句需倒装);

③引导方式状语从句，表示“以……方式”;

④引导原因状语从句 (=since; because)，意为“由于，因为”;

⑤引导比较状语从句。

As he grew older he lost interest ineverything except

随着他年纪越来越大，他失去了对所有事物的兴趣，除了园艺。

Cold as it is, my brother wears only

尽管天气冷，我哥哥只穿了一件衬衫。

Why didn't you take the medicine as I toldyou to?

为什么你没有按我说的来服这种药?

As you were not there, I left a

因为当时你不在那，所以我给你留了便条。

She is as tall as 她和你一样高。

高手过招

单项填空

① as he is, he speaks English (20XX·山西太原一中月考)

Little child A little child

The little child Child little

②In some countries, are called “publicschools” are not owned by the (20XX·11·江西新余一中质量检测)

which as what that

①解析：选B。在让步状语从句中，作表语的名词如果提前，该名词常省去冠词，但若名词前有修饰语时，就不省略冠词。

②解析：选C。考查what引导的主语从句。what在主语从句中作主语。句意为：在许多国家，所谓的公立学校并非公众拥有。

was the first time in a year anda half that I'd seen the night face to face [来源:学。科。网]

……这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚……

如果前面是“it(will be)is/this (will be)is/that (will be)is+the first/second time that ”句式，表示“某人第几次做某事”。其中,that引导的是定语从句，后面句子的时态用现在完成时;如果前面是it (would be)was , 后面则用过去完成时。

It is the first time that I have come

这是我第一次来珠海。

It was the second time that she had

那是她第二次游览伦敦。

温馨提示

如果time前有last修饰，此时我们一般不用完成时态。

注意：the first time可起从属连词的作用，引导时间状语从句;for the first time意为“第一次”单独用作状语。

This is the last time that I shall give youa

这是我最后一次给你们上课了。

高手过招

(1)单项填空

①It's the third time late this (原创)

that you are you are

when you arrived that you have been

②It was for the first time that he to the

Invited had been invited

has been invited was invited

(2)翻译句子(原创)

This will be the second time that I havebeen to the Great

(1)①解析：选D。“It is the +序数词+time+ that从句”为固定句型，从句谓语动词必须用现在完成时。

②解析：选D。it was 是强调结构，句中强调状语“for the first time”故选D。

(2)这将会是我第二次去长城。

#p#副标题#e#高一(上)英语必修一Unit1Friendship基础词汇巩固

一.词性转换

ignore ________ German

power _________ dusty __________

recover exactly

dislike _________(反义词);unlike_________; likely

disagree ____________ n .___________(反义词);

entire ___________ settle [来源:学科网]

二.单词填空

The business is owned by two _________(合伙人)[来源:学科网]

Before the __________(幕布) went up, the dancers took their places on

When his wife died, he was very ____________(孤单)[来源:学科网ZXXK]

had broad shoulders and____________(强有力的)

used to smoke a _________(小包) of cigarettes a

He wants a job that will let him

The restaurant has a long menu of about50

The phone rang, but she

It took a long time for him to r____________ from a bad

It was e____________ my own

The boy's poor health c_____________his

She helped the child l__________ thelaces of his shoes(鞋带).

's e______________ what I

Put on your It is quite

I am g___________ to have you help merepair the

三.选择词组填空

I__________________watchingtelevision; let's go for a

We started early ______________arrive before

The country has _______________too many

Theyare going to ____________ the

She_______________ your safety, you should come back earlier next

Sheoften ______________

Although I am a new comer, I __________________my classmates very [来源:Z§xx§]

Ididn't do it It was an

___________3, 4 and 5 and you'll get

I have ________________everything that theteacher

四.单项选择

have to __________all the books before the

through go over go up go out

His illness _________ the family’

add up add up to add to are added to

As far as I am_________, I agree withwhat you

concerning concerned faced known

catch the first bus, he got upvery early this

In order to In order that So as to So that

Wehave been getting _______ our students since we came to

along well along well with well along with well with

Don’t______in the

calm cheat list ignore

people’s discussion and you will know a

Join in Takepart Add up[来源]

Holiday is Students are busy _______ their things in the

pack up packing up packing off pack into

down what the expert will say at the meeting, will you? Which of thefollowing is not right?

Put Write

I t is not a serious I guess she will ______

remove recover replace reduce

五.句子翻译[来源:学|科|网Z|X|X|K]

请冷静，他不是故意这样做的。(calm down; on purpose)[来源:学§科§网Z§X§X§K]

有些人认为上大学是没有意义的。(There is no point (in) doing )

丢了钱，他感到难过。(upset)

尽管他不喜欢学习英语，他还是加入了英语俱乐部。(dislike;join)

为了不迟到，他起床很早。(in order to)

父母非常关心我们的健康。(be concerned about)