定语从句讲解课件（1）

非限制性定语从句讲解课件

非限制性定语从句也是定语从句的一种，在高中语法知识中它也是非常重要的一项的，老师们对于非限定性定语从句的讲解也是非常重视的。以下是小编整理的非限制性定语从句讲解课件，欢迎阅读。

说到非限定性定语从句的讲解，还要分成不同的部分，首先大家要知道就得就是该从句的作用是什么。其实它在句子中是一个独立的成分，不会受到主句的限制，把从句去掉之后，主句仍然是成立的。这也是为什么它会叫做非限定性定语从句。其次，大家要了解该从句的形式：非限制性定语从句与先行词以及主句之间的关系不甚紧密，因而通常要用逗号与主句分隔开。例如：

Have you seen the film Titanic, whose leading actor is world famous?

你看过“泰坦尼克号”这部电影吗?它的男主演可是世界闻名的。

My friend, who has served on the International Olympic Committee all his life, is retiring next month.

我有位朋友，他一辈子服务于国际奥林匹克委员会，下个月就要退休了。

在非限制性定语从句也分成不同的种类，在不同情况下，该从句的使用方法也是不一样的，在考试中经常会考察大家对于该从句不同类型的运用。如果大家不能很好的'掌握这些用法，在考试的时候就一定会丢分了，下面就是关于该从句不同类型的介绍：

(1) who引导的非限制性定语从句

Our guide，who was a French Canadian，was an excellent cook.我们的向导，一个法裔加拿大人，擅长于烹调。

My gardener，who is very pessimistic，says that there will be no apples this year.我家的园丁非常悲观，他说今年将不结苹果。

(2) whom引导的非限制性定语从句

关系代词whom用于指人，在句中作动词宾语和介词宾语，作介词宾语时，介词可位于句末。如：

Peter, whom you met in London, is now back in Paris.彼得现在回巴黎了，你在伦敦见过他。

Mr Smith，from whom I have learned a lot，is a famous scientist.史密斯先生是一位著名的科学家，我从他那儿学了许多东西。

(3) whose引导的非限制性定语从句

whose是关系代词who的所有格形式，在从句中作定语。whose通常指人，也可指动物或无生命的事物。如：

The boy, whose father is an engineer, studies very hard.那位小男孩学习很努力，他的父亲是位工程师。

Above the trees are the mountains whose magnificence the river faithfully reflects on the surface. 在树林的高处是山，其壮丽的景色完全映照在河面上。The play，whose style is rigidly formal，is typical of the period.这剧本是那个时期的典型作品，风格拘谨刻板。

(4) which引导的非限制性定语从句

关系代词which在非限制性定语从句中所指代和修饰的可以是主句中的名词、形容词、短语、其他从句或整个主句，在从句中作主语、动词宾语、介词宾语或表语。

① which指代主句中的名词，被指代的名词包括表示物、婴儿或动物的名词、表示单数意义的集体名词以及表示职业、品格等的名词。如：

These apple trees，which I planted three years ago，have not borne any fruit.这些苹果树是我三年前栽的，还没有结过果实。

She is an artist，which I am not.她是一位艺术家，而我不是。

Water，which is a clear liquid，has many uses.水是一种清澈的液体，有许多用途。

The two policemen were completely trusted，which in fact they were.那两个警察完全受到信任，事实上，也真是如此。

② which指代主句中的形容词。如：

She was very patient towards the children，which her husband seldom was.她对孩子们很耐心，她丈夫却很少这样。

She is always careless，which we should not be. 她总是马虎大意，我们可不应该这样。

③ which指代主句中的某个从句。如：

He said that he had never seen her before，which was not true.他说以前从没见过她，这不是真的。

④ which指代整个主句。如：

In the presence of so many people he was little tense, which was understandable.在那么多人面前他有点紧张，这是可以理解的。

He may have acute appendicitis，in which case he will have to be operated on.他可能得了急性盲肠炎，如果是这样，他就得动手术。

When deeply absorbed in work，which he often was，he would forget all about eating and sleeping. 他经常聚精会神地工作，这时他会废寝忘食。

(5) when引导的非限制性定语从句

关系副词when在非限制性定语从句中作时间状语，指代主句中表示时间的词语。如：

He will put off the picnic until May 1st, when he will be free.他将把郊游推迟到5月1号，那时他将有空。

(6) where引导的非限制性定语从句

关系副词where在非限制性定语从句中作地点状语，指代主句中表示地点的词语。如：

They went to London，where they lived for six months.他们去了伦敦，在那儿呆了六个月的时间。

They reached there yesterday, where a negotiation of sale will be held.他们昨天抵达那里, 有一个关于销售的谈判在那儿举行。

(7) as引导的非限制性定语从句

as引出非限定性定语从句时，代替整个主句，对其进行说明但通常用于像as we allaknow, as it is know, as is know to all, as it is, as is said above, as always mentioned above, as is usual, as is often the case, as is reported in the newspaper等句式中。as在非限定性定语从句中作主语、表语或宾语，且引出的从句位置比较灵活，可位于句首或句末，也可置于主句中间。通常均由逗号将其与主句隔开。as有“正如……， 就像……”之意。 如：

As it known to the United States, Mark Twain is a great American writer.美国人都知道，马克?吐温是一位伟大的美国作家。(as在从句中作主语)

He forgot to bring his pen with him, as was often the case. 他忘了带笔，这是常事。(as在从句中作主语)

He is absorbed in work, as he often was. 他正在全神贯注地工作，他过去经常这样。(as在从句中作表语)

Boy as he was， he was chosen king. 他虽是孩子，却被选为国王。(as在从句中作表语)

as we all know, the earth is round.众所周知，地球是圆的。 (as在从句中作宾语)

The two brothers were satisfied with this decision，as was agreed beforehand.两兄弟对此决定都满意，这项决定在事前都已得到他们的同意。(as在从句中作主语)

Taiwan is，as you know，an inseparable part of China.你知道，台湾是中国不可分割的一部分。(as在从句中作宾语)

(8)“介词+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句

在介词后引导非限制性定语从句。关系代词which有时并不代表主句中某一确定的词，而是概括整个主句的意思。介词的选择取决于它与先行词的搭配或与从句中谓语动词的搭配。

They were short of sticks to make frames for the climbing vines，without which the yield would be halved. 他们缺搭葡萄架的杆儿，没有它们产量会减少一半。

They thanked Tom，without whose support they would not have succeeded.这些邻居是北京来的，昨天我被介绍同他们认识了。

(9)“名词/代词+of+which / whom”引导的非限制性定语从句

It now has 20，000 hectares of land，more than two-thirds of which are under cultivation. 现在它拥有两万公顷土地，其中三分之二之多已经耕种。

Light is the fast thing in the world, the speed of which is 300.000 kilometeThere are 30 chairs in the small hall, most of which are new.大厅里有三十把椅子，绝大部分是新的。

he textile mill has over 8，000 workers and staff，eighty per cent of whom are women. 这家纺织厂有8千多职工，女职工占百分之八十。

通过对该从句的讲解，大家可以看出，它的种类真的是非常多，不同的词语引导的从句用法都是不同的，大家要学会区分不同用法所表示的含义。虽然该从句在选择题中考察的非常多，但是大家在阅读题中也会看见这样的从句，所以说，大家学习语法知识并不只是为了语法的题目，它对于大家整个英语水平的提升都是非常有帮助的。除此之外大家还要注意一些非限制性定语从句引导词的特殊情况：

1.非限制性定语从句不可用that引导， 在非限制性定语从句中用who(作主语) / whom(作宾语)指人，用which(作主语 / 宾语)指物， 用whose作定语(指人 / 物)。例如：

The famous basketball star, who tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.

这位试图打反击的著名篮球明星吸引了众人的关注。

The film, whose director is an old man, is very instructive.

这部电影很有教育意义， 它的导演是位老人。

2.关系代词在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时不可省略，若指人时，只用whom，不用who。例如：

York, which I visited last year, is a nice old city.

我去年访问过的约克是个古老而美丽的城市。

Please give the book to Jessica, whom we met in the hall just now.

请把这本书交给杰西卡，就是刚才我们在大厅里遇到的那位。

3.非限制性定语从句不可用why引导， 需用for which替代why。例如：

None of us accepted the reason he explained, for which he was absent.

我们没有一个人接受他所解释的缺席的理由。

定语从句讲解课件（2）

定语从句的讲解课件

导语：定语从句的讲解课件如何设计?以下是小编为大家整理的文章，欢迎阅读!希望对大家有所帮助!

定语从句的讲解课件

一、课堂导入

教师读句子，让学生听并复述

1. she is the girl who has blue eyes.

2. I love this English teacher whose eyes are blue.

3. A telephone is an invention which can help people talk to friends, share photos, ideas and feeling freely.

4. I like this person that has 3 story books

5. This is the office where he worked.

6. I don’t know the reason why he came so late.

二、复习预习

教师引导学生复习上节课所学的反意疑问句，包括反意疑问句的形式，祈使句的反意疑问句，there be句型的反意疑问句等， (以提问、回顾的形式进行)，针对上节课的作业进行讲评、订正、答疑，并通过对反意疑问句具体用法的分析和扩展导入本节课所要学习的`定语从句。

三、知识讲解

知识点1：定语从句的概念和先行词

1. 【考查点】在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。(而在一个句子中充当整个句子的宾语的句子叫做宾语从句)

如：I love this English teacher whose eyes are blue. (定语从句)

我爱眼睛是蓝色的这位英语老师

I don’t know (宾语从句)

我不知道你怎样才能到达那个公园。

2. 【考查点】被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。

如：A friend is someone who says, "What! You too? I thought I was the only one!”

A Wechat (微信) is an invention which can help people talk to friends, share photos, ideas and feeling freely.

知识点2：定语的关系词~关系代词

1.【考查点】既能指物也能指人的关系代词 that，whose。

如： ① I like this person that has 3 story books. (先行词是人person)

②先行词是物book)

①(先行词是teacher)

②先行词是dog)

2、【考查点】只能用来指代人的关系词who, whom.

如：Is he the man who wants to see you?

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.

3、【考查点】只能指代物的关系词which。

如：A prosperity which had never been seen before appears in the countryside.

4、【考查点】关系词在句子中充当的成分。

如：1、(who/that在从句中作主语)

他就是你想见的人吗?

2、他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)

3、作宾语) which / that在句中(

农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。

4、((只用作定语)

那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。

(注：当上题先行词指物时它还可以同of which互换)

如：Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.

请递给我那本绿皮的书

知识点3：关系副词引导的定语从句

关系副词when, where, why可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。

【考查点】关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用。

如： There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.

任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。

Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.

北京是我的出生地。

Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?

这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?

知识点4：关系词的选择取决于从句中的谓语动词

1.【考查点】 用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。

如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.

四、例题精析

【例题1】

【题干】Nearly all the streets are in straight lines, ________ from east to west. Those ________ run from north to south are called avenues.

A. running; that B. run; who C. running; who D. run; that

【答案】A

【解析】： 主语与run(延伸)是主动关系，所以用现在分词。Those指街道，所以不用

来引导定语从句。 who而用that

【题干】Is this research center ________ you visited the modern equipment last year?

A. where B. that C. the one that D. the one where

【答案】：D

【解析】：将疑问句改为陈述句：this research center is…显然缺少先行词，必须加上代词the one来作先行词，又因定语从句不缺主语或宾语，所以用关系副词where。假若在this后加the，就选where，请想想这是为什么。

【题 干】

The treatment will continue until the patient reaches the point ________ he can walk cor第一文库网rectly and safely.

A. when B. where C. which D. whose

【答案】：B

【解析】 因为表示“阶段、程度、地步”的the point在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用

语从句。 where引导定

【题干】

—How did you get in touch with the travel agent, Robin?

—Oh, that’s easy. I surfed the Internet and then called one ________ the telephone number is provided

A. which B. in which C. of which D. whose

【答案】：C 【解析】：因为of which引导定语从句，并在从句中作定语。of which the telephone number = whose telephone number。

五、课堂运用

【基础】

1.The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.

A. Which B. where

【答案】A

【解析】：which用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语。C. what D. in which

2.Do you know the man _______?

A. whom I spoke B. to who spoke C. I spoke to D. that I spoke

【答案】C.

【解析】"和谁讲话”要说speak to sb. 本题全句应为Do you know the man whom I spoke to.。whom是关系代词，作介词to的宾语，可以省略。

3.This is the hotel _______last month.

A. which they stayed B. at that they stayed

C. where they stayed at D. where they stayed

【答案】

【解析】是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。 D. where

4.Do you know the year ______the Chinese Communist Party was founded?

A. which B. that C. when D. on which

【答案】. C.

【解析】

是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。 when

【巩固】

5.That is the day ______I'll never forget.

A. which B. on which C. in which D. when

【答案】A.

【解析】 which是关系代词，在从句中作forget的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。

6.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.

A. where B. to which C. which D. in which

【答案】C.

【解析】which是关系代词，在从句中作visit的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。

7.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working.

A. where B. that C. which D. there

【答案】 A.

【解析】where是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。

【拔高】

8.This is one of the best films _______.

A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown

C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked

【答案】A.

【解析】本句话的先行词应该是films,因此，关系代词that是负数概念，其谓语动词应用复述的被动语态have been shown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠词the，则the one应该视为先行词。

9.Can you lend me the book ______the other day?

A. about which you talked B. which you talked

C. about that you talked D. that you talked

【答案】A.

【解析】“谈到某事物”应说talk about sth.。about是介词，其后要用which作宾语，不能用that。

10.The pen ______he is writing is mine.

A. with which B. in which C. on which D. by which

【答案】 A.

【解析】with which是"介词+关系代词"结构,常用来引导定语从句.with有"用"的意思,介词之后只能用which,不能用that. with which在定语从句中作状语,即he is writing with a pen.

课程小结

本节课主要围绕定语从句的常考点展开，即：定语从句的概念，定语从句的关系词，定语从句的先行词等。需要重点掌握的是定语从句的先行词和定语从句的关系词。此外，在初中阶段也会经常接触到定语从句关系代词和关系副词的选择，因此，这个考点也需要重点掌握。

近年中考对语法点的考查往往是与语境想结合，因此，同学在做题时要结合语境来分析题目，灵活地运用语法知识。

定语从句讲解课件（3）

定语从句讲解课件

为了让同学们更好的理解定语从句，需要进行相关的讲解，那么应该如何进行讲解呢？下面是小编分享给大家的定语从句讲解课件，希望对大家有帮助。

一、定语从句的概念

在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。

二、定语从句的关系词

引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词，常见的关系代词包括that，which，who(宾格whom，所有格whose)等，关系副词包括where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。

三、定语从句的分类

根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去，非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。

四、关系代词的用法

1. that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语或宾语，作主语时不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：

Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作主语)

The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that作宾语)

2.which用于指物，在句中作主语或宾语，作主语不可省略，作宾语可省略。例如：

The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语)

The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语)

3.who，whom用于指人，who 用作主语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom， 也可省略。例如：

The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语)

Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to?正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语)

注意：

(1)当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who，that，which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如：

This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。

Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。

(2)含有介词的固定动词词组中，介词不可前置，只能放在原来的位置上。例如：

This is the person whom you are looking for. 这就是你要找的那个人。

(3)that 作介词的宾语时，介词不能放它的前面，只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如：

The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。

(4)关系词只能用that的情况：

a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的`人。

b.被修饰的先行词为all， any， much， many， everything， anything， none， the one等不定代词时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop? 你在商店里有什么东西要买吗?

c.先行词被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等词修饰时，只能用that，而不用which.例如：

This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。

d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时，只能用that， 而不用which.例如：

I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。

e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句，为避免重复，只能用that.例如：

Who is the girl that is crying? 正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?

f.主句是there be 结构，修饰主语的定语从句用that，而不用which.例如：

There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。

(5)关系词只能用which，而不用that 的情况：

a.先行词为that， those时，用which， 而不用that.例如：

What‘s that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?

b.关系代词前有介词时，一般用which，而不用that.例如：

This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。

c.引导非限制性定语从句，用which， 而不用that.例如：

Tom came back， which made us happy. 汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。

五、关系副词的用法

(1)when指时间，其先行词表示时间，在句中作时间状语。例如：

This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。

(2)where指地点，其先行词表示地点，在句中作地点状语。例如：

This is place where he works.这是他工作的地点。

(3)why 指原因，其先行词是原因，起原因状语作用。例如：

Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。

练习题

I.单项填空

1. -Do you know the man ______is talking with your father?

-Yes， he‘s our headmaster.

A. he B. who C. which D. whom

2. Is this the river _____I can swim?

A. which B. in which C. that D. the one

3. This is the best hotel in the city _____I know.

A. where B. which C. that D. it

4. Can you lend me the dictionary ______the other day?

A. that you bought B. you bought it

C. that you bought it D. which you bought it

5. Anyone ______with what I said may put up you hands.

A. which agrees B. who agree

C. who agrees D. which agree

6. My watch is not the only thing ______ is missing.

A. that B. it C. which who

7. The man ______coat is black is waiting at the gate

A. who‘s B. whose C. that of which.

8. The girl ______ is reading under the tree _____my sister.

A. which; is B. whom; was C. who; is D. who; was

9. I love places ______the people are really friendly.

A. that B. which C. where D. who

10. The world ______ is made up of matter.

A. in that we live B. on which we live

C. where we live in D. we live in

Ⅱ、用适当的关系代词that， which， who， whom填空。

1. The first thing ______you must do is to have a meal.

2. April 1st is the day _____is called April Fool’s Day in the west.

3. The family _____had lost everything in a big fire got much help from their friends.

4. The house _____we live in is very old.

5. Didn’t you see the man ______I talked with just now?

参考答案：

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