it的用法教案（1）

Grammar--动词的种类

动词是表示动作和状态的词。动词有时态、语态和语气三种形式的变化。

一、动词的种类。

从含义上分，从此可以分为实意动词(包括及物动词和不及物动词)、连系动词、助动词和情态动词四类。

1.实意动词：又称为行为动词，有自己的含义，能够独立做谓语。

包括及物动词(vt.)和不及物动词(vi.)。

1)及物动词(vt.)：必须带有宾语。

如：Zhang Hui has entered avocational school.

He likes English.

He sent me anew bike.

2)不及物动词(vi.)：不需要跟宾语的动词。

如：He works hard.

Did he come yesterday?

He stayed here for three days.

不及物动词必须在后面加上一个介词，才可以带宾语，构成介宾结构。

He is looking at apicture.

vi.介词宾语(介宾结构)

注意：有很多动词既可以做及物动词，又可以做不及物动词。

如：She began working in 1991.(及物动词，动名词working做宾语)

The meeting will begin at 7p.m.(不及物动词)

I don't agree with you.(不及物动词，with you是介宾结构)

She agreed that Iwas right.(及物动词，宾语从句做宾语)

2.连系动词：本身有词义，但不能单独做谓语，后面常带有形容词、名词等做表语，构成系表结构，系表结构共同构成谓语。

连系动词可分为以下三类：

静态类be,keep,remain，prove(是，保持，仍然是,证明是)

动态类get,turn,become,grow,go,come,fall run(变成，成为，进入…状态)

感官类look,appear,seem,smell,taste,sound,feel(看/闻/尝/听/感觉起来…)

如：His mother is ateacher.

主语谓语(由系表结构共同构成)

It sounds interesting.

主语谓语(由系表结构共同构成)

His face turned red with anger.

主语谓语(由系表结构共同构成)

注意：①有些动词既可以做连系动词，有可以做实意动词。

如：He looked sad at the news.

(look是系动词，表示看上去由形容词sad做表语，构成

系表结构，共同形成谓语)

He looked sadly at the sick boy.

(look是实意动词，表示看着某人，由副词sadly来修饰

实意动词，而且look做实意动词是不及物动词，故后

面加介词at,与the sick boy构成介宾结构)

The silk feels soft.

(feels是连系动词，表示摸起来，后用形容词soft做表语，构成系表结构，共同做谓语)

The tailor felt the silk softly.

(felt是实意动词，表示触摸，而且是及物动词，the silk做宾语)

②要注意区分表示感官类的系动词和实意动词，连系动词后面要跟形容词或名词做表语，而修饰实意动词则需要副词。

如：sound表示听起来，是系动词，而hear/listen to表示听到…声音，是实意动词。

3.助动词：本身没有词义，不能单独做谓语，它在句中与实意动词一起构成各种时态、语态、语气或帮助构成疑问结构和否定结构。助动词主要有：be,have,do,shall,will等。

如：They are having an important meeting now.

主语谓语宾语

(are在此句不是连系动词，而是助动词帮助构成现在进行时)

English is spoken by many people.

主语谓语

(is在此句不是连系动词，而是助动词帮助构成被动语态)

We didn't know what had happened.

主句主句宾语从句做宾语

主语谓语从句从句

主语谓语

(此句中有两个助动词，didn't帮助构成否定句，had帮助构成

过去完成时)

Does he get up early every morning?

主语谓语

(此句中的does是助动词，帮助构成疑问句)

Mr.Smith has taught English in Shanghai for two years.

主语谓语宾语

(此句中的has是助动词，帮助构成现在完成时)

There will be ameeting tomorrow afternoon.

(此句中的will是助动词，帮助构成一般将来时)

Tom said that he would live in Shanghai for another five years.

主句主句宾语从句做宾语

主语谓语从句从句

主语谓语

(此句中的would是助动词，帮助构成过去将来时)

注意：①have,do除了可以做助动词，还可以做实意动词，做实意动

词时，它们都有具体的词义，而且在句中要担任谓语。

如：We had aparty yesterday afternoon.

主语谓语宾语

(had在此句中有具体的含义，表示"开会"，而且担任谓语，故不是助动词，而是实意动词)

We do some shopping every week.

主语谓语宾语

(do在此句中有具体的`含义，而且又担任谓语，故不是助动词，而是实意动词)

②will和shall除了可以做助动词之外，还可以做情态动词。

做情态动词时，它们都有具体的词义，但不再表示将来含义。

如：He promised that he would do his best.

主句主句宾语从句做宾语

主语谓语从句从句

主语谓语

(此句中的would不是助动词，不表示过去将来时，而是情态动词，表示一种决心)

Shall we sing asong?

主语谓语宾语

(此句中的shall不是助动词，不表示将来，而是情态动词，表示征求对方的意见)

③be除了可以做助动词之外，还可以做连系动词，助动词的be一般都是帮助构成时态和语态，而连系动词的be后面要有形容词或名词等做表语，构成系表结构。

如：Miss Jane is watching TV.

主语谓语宾语

(此句中的is不是连系动词，而是助动词，帮助构成现在进行时)

My hobby is watching TV.

The building was destroyed in the earthquake.

主语谓语

(此句中的was不是连系动词，而是助动词，帮助构成被

动语态)

The film is interesting.

主语系表语

系表结构共同构成谓语

(此句中的is是连系动词，interesting是形容词做表语，两者共同构成谓语)

Miss Rose is an English teacher.

主语系表语

系表结构共同构成谓语

(此句中的is是个连系动词，teacher是名词做表语，两者共同构成谓语)

it的用法教案（2）

英语学习者在学习过程中，常会遇到with这个介词，而这个词在不同的语言环境中，其含义不近相同，经常让你无从下手，这里笔者对with用法做一小结，以供读者参考。

一、with表拥有某物

Mary married a man with a lot of money .

马莉嫁给了一个有着很多钱的男人。

I often dream of a big house with a nice garden .

我经常梦想有一个带花园的大房子。

The old man lived with a little dog on the lonely island .

这个老人和一条小狗住在荒岛上。

二、with表用某种工具或手段

I cut the apple with a sharp knife .

我用一把锋利的'刀削平果。

Tom drew the picture with a pencil .

汤母用铅笔画画。

三、with表人与人之间的协同关系

make friends with sb

talk with sb

quarrel with sb

struggle with sb

fight with sb

play with sb

work with sb

cooperate with sb

I have been friends with Tom for ten years since we worked with each other , and I have never quarreled with him .

自从我们一起工作以来，我和汤母已经是十年的朋友了，但我们从没有吵过架。

四、with 表原因或理由

John was in bed with high fever .

约翰因发烧卧床。

He jumped up with joy .

他因高兴跳起来。

Father is often excited with wine .

父亲常因白酒变的兴奋。

五、with 表“带来”，或“带有,具有”，在…身上，在…身边之意

The girl with golden hair looks beautiful .

那个金头发的女孩看起来漂亮。

The famous director will come to the meeting with the leading actor and actress .

那个有名的导演将带着男女主角来到会场。

A storm with a hurricane has come onto its way .

带有飓风的风暴要来了。

Do you have money with you .

身上带着钱吗？

Take the umbrella with you in case it rains .

随身带伞，以防下雨。

六、with表想法，信念，态度与…一致

I agree with you on how to deal with it .

关于此事如何处理，我同意你的看法。

I believe with the headmaster that a good teacher should not only teach a student what to learn but also how to learn it .

我相信校长所说，一个好老师不但教学生学什么，而且应教学生怎么去学。

七、with表示让步,“虽有,尽管”

With all his money and fame, he is not happy .

有着钱和名誉，他还是不快乐。

With good teachers and warmhearted classmates ,the new comer feels lonely .

虽有着好老师和热心的同学，这个新来的还是感觉孤独。

八、with表同时，或同一方向，“随着”

The temperature of cold-blooded animals change with the temperature of the surroundings .

冷血动物的体温随着周围的环境的改变而变化。

The big ship is sailing with the wind .

这个大船正随风向航行。

And with the last words , she turned away.

随着最后一句话说完，他转身离开了。

九、with的复合结构表行为方式或伴随情况

1、 with + n/pron + adj.

He left the room with the door open .

门开着，他就离开了屋子。

Don’t talk with your mouse full .

嘴里满是东西，不要说话。

2、with + n/pron + adv.

With the radio on ,grandma slept deeply in the chair .

收音机开者，奶奶在椅子里沉沉的睡着。

With Tom away , I always feel lonely .

汤母不在，我一直感觉孤独。

3、with + n/pron + done

The fellow stood there with his hands crossed .

这个家伙两手交叉，站在那里。

The peasants have a good harvest with all the crops got in .

庄稼都收割了，农民们有了一个好收成。

4、with + n/pron + to do

With this book to help you , you can finish your work as soon as possible .

有这本书来帮忙，你能尽快完成工作。

With so many problems to settle ,the new manager was too worried to eat anything .

有着太多问题去处理，新经理担忧的吃不下任何东西。

5、with + n/pron + n

The old man looks down upon everyone ,with his son chairman of the 伴company .

因为他儿子是公司的主席，这个老头瞧不起任何人。

He was taken to hospital with his legs a mass of bleeding flesh .

他被抬到医院，他的腿血肉模糊。

6、with + n/pron + 介词短语

The man left the meeting with a book in his hand .

这个男人手里拿着书离开了会议。

The woman with a diamond necklace around the neck must be wealthy .

那个脖子上带项链的女人一定很有钱。

十、with其他用法主要出现在一些常用词和习语中，记住其特定含义即可。

It is a long time not to get in touch with Tom.

很长时间没有和汤母取得联系了。

Down with imperialism.

打倒帝国主义。

it的用法教案（3）

英语学习者在学习过程当中，常会遇到with这个介词，而这个词在不同的语言环境中，其含义不近相同，经常让你无从下手，这里笔者对with用法做一小结，以供读者参考。

一、with表拥有某物

Mary married a man with a lot of money 。

马莉嫁给了一个有着很多钱的男人。

I often dream of a big house with a nice garden 。

我经常梦想有一个带花园的大房子。

The old man lived with a little dog on the lonely island 。

这个老人和一条小狗住在荒岛上。

二、with表用某种工具或手段

I cut the apple with a sharp knife 。

我用一把锋利的刀削平果。

Tom drew the picture with a pencil 。

汤母用铅笔画画。

三、with表人与人之间的协同关系

make friends with sb

talk with sb

quarrel with sb

struggle with sb

fight with sb

play with sb

work with sb

cooperate with sb

I have been friends with Tom for ten years since we worked with each other ， and I have never quarreled with him 。

自从我们一起工作以来，我和汤母已经是十年的朋友了，但我们从没有吵过架。

四、with 表原因或理由

John was in bed with high fever 。

约翰因发烧卧床。

He jumped up with joy 。

他因高兴跳起来。

Father is often excited with wine 。

父亲常因白酒变的`兴奋。

五、with 表“带来”，或“带有，具有”，在…身上，在…身边之意

The girl with golden hair looks beautiful 。

那个金头发的女孩看起来漂亮。

The famous director will come to the meeting with the leading actor and actress 。

那个有名的导演将带着男女主角来到会场。

A storm with a hurricane has come onto its way 。

带有飓风的风暴要来了。

Do you have money with you 。

身上带着钱吗？

Take the umbrella with you in case it rains 。

随身带伞，以防下雨。

六、with表想法，信念，态度与…一致

I agree with you on how to deal with it 。

关于此事如何处理，我同意你的看法。

I believe with the headmaster that a good teacher should not only teach a student what to learn but also how to learn it 。

我相信校长所说，一个好老师不但教学生学什么，而且应教学生怎么去学。

七、with表示让步，“虽有，尽管”

With all his money and fame， he is not happy 。

有着钱和名誉，他还是不快乐。

With good teachers and warmhearted classmates ，the new comer feels lonely 。

虽有着好老师和热心的同学，这个新来的还是感觉孤独。

八、with表同时，或同一方向，“随着”

The temperature of cold-blooded animals change with the temperature of the surroundings 。

冷血动物的体温随着周围的环境的改变而变化。

The big ship is sailing with the wind 。

这个大船正随风向航行。

And with the last words ， she turned away。

随着最后一句话说完，他转身离开了。

九、with的复合结构表行为方式或伴随情况

1、 with + n/pron + adj。

He left the room with the door open 。

门开着，他就离开了屋子。

Don’t talk with your mouse full 。

嘴里满是东西，不要说话。

2、with + n/pron + adv。

With the radio on ，grandma slept deeply in the chair 。

收音机开者，奶奶在椅子里沉沉的睡着。

With Tom away ， I always feel lonely 。

汤母不在，我一直感觉孤独。

3、with + n/pron + done

The fellow stood there with his hands crossed 。

这个家伙两手交叉，站在那里。

The peasants have a good harvest with all the crops got in 。

庄稼都收割了，农民们有了一个好收成。

4、with + n/pron + to do

With this book to help you ， you can finish your work as soon as possible 。

有这本书来帮忙，你能尽快完成工作。

With so many problems to settle ，the new manager was too worried to eat anything 。

有着太多问题去处理，新经理担忧的吃不下任何东西。

5、with + n/pron + n

The old man looks down upon everyone ，with his son chairman of the 伴company 。

因为他儿子是公司的主席，这个老头瞧不起任何人。

He was taken to hospital with his legs a mass of bleeding flesh 。

他被抬到医院，他的腿血肉模糊。

6、with + n/pron + 介词短语

The man left the meeting with a book in his hand 。

这个男人手里拿着书离开了会议。

The woman with a diamond necklace around the neck must be wealthy 。

那个脖子上带项链的女人一定很有钱。

十、with其他用法主要出现在一些常用词和习语中，记住其特定含义即可。

It is a long time not to get in touch with Tom。

很长时间没有和汤母取得联系了。

Down with imperialism。

打倒帝国主义。