英语句子类型（1）

(1)带有系动词、助动词、情态动词的肯定句，只要把not, never加在这些动词后面，就能把肯定句变为否定，no通常否定名词或动名词

I’m not a haven’t got a

I have never met him

(2)若谓语是行为动词，前面又没有助动词和情态动词，只要在谓语动词之前加助动词do( does, did ) not就行。

I didn’t go to the concert

He doesn’t speak English

(3)no修饰复数名词作主语，谓语动词要用复数。如果no修饰单数名词作主语，谓语动词要用单数。如：

No men are admitted

No man is

(4)表示部分否定的词有：not all, not everything, not everybody, not everywhere, not both, not

Not everybody enjoys

Not everything goes

英语句子类型（2）

(1) 句型：动词原形……(省略主语)。如：

Look at these holes!Please keep the classroom

(2) 有时，为了加强语气，可以在动词之前加do。

Do be study

(3) 祈使句中如果有呼语，一定要用逗号“，”隔开。放在句首或句尾。Come here, Li

英语句子类型（3）

祈使句结构

祈使句用以表达命令，要求，请求，劝告等。

1) 祈使句有两种类型，一种是以动词原形开头，在动词原形之前加do (但只限于省略第二人称主语的句子)。

Take this

Do be

否定结构：

Don't

Don't be

2) 第二种祈使句以let开头。Let 的反意疑问句

Let's 包括说话者

Let's have another try，shall we / shan't we?

= Shall we have another try?

Let us 不包括说话者

Let us have another try，will you / won't you?

= Will you please let us have another try?

否定结构：

Let's not talk of that

Let us not talk of that

感叹句结构

感叹句通常有what, how引导，表示赞美、惊叹、喜 悦、等感情。

what修饰名词，how 修饰形容词，副词或动词，感叹句结构主要有以下几种，掌握它的搭配，即掌握了感叹句的重点。

典型例题

1)___ food you've cooked!

How a What a How nice What nice

答案 由于How 修饰形容词，副词;what修饰名词。且food为不可数名词，因此A，B 排除。C How + 后面不能再加名词，因此只有D正确，其句型为What + + (不可数)

2)___terrible weather we've been having these days!

What What How How a

答案 weather为不可数名词，B，D排除。C为how + 后面不应有名词。只有A，符合句型What +形容词+不可数名词。

3) _____ I had!--You really suffered a

What a time What time How a time how time

答案感叹句分两类：

1：What + +主谓部分

2：How + / / +主谓部分。本题属第一种，但省略了bad，相对于 What a bad time I had! 这是个习惯用语。

强调句结构

常考的强调句结构是it 引导的句子。

It is (was) 被强调部分+ that (who) + 句子其他部分。

此结构强调的成分仅限于主语，宾语和状语。

It is from the sun that we get light and

It was not until I had read your letter that I understood the true state of

典型例题

1) It was last night ___ I see the

答案 强调句的结构是： It +be +强调部分 + that (who) + 主谓句。强调句的连词只有两个，that和who。当强调的部分是人，且为句子的主语时，才用 "who"，其余用that。

原句：My father did the experiment in the lab yesterday

强调主语： It was my father who did the experiment in the lab yesterday

强调宾语： It was the experiment that my father did in the lab yesterday

强调时间： It was yesterday evening that my father did the experiment in the (注意不用when)

强调地点： It was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday

2)It is ten years ___ Miss Green returned to

when since as

答案 考点是连词用法。 本题易误选为 其实本句不是强调句。若是，去掉It be… that还应是一个完整的句子。而本句去掉 'It is…that'，只剩下ten years Miss Green returned to 不成句。因此本句不是强调句。

It is /was +时间+ since…其中is<---> has been was <---> had

用助动词进行强调

强调句还有一种类型，就是用助动词do (did，does) 强调谓语。

She does like this

她的确喜欢这匹马。

Please do take care of

千万保重。

反意疑问句

1)陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用 aren't

I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I?

2)陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may +主语。

I wish to have a word with you, may I?

3)陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。

The Swede made no answer, did he / she?

Some plants never blown (开花), do they ?

4)含有ought to 的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主语。

He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?

5)陈述部分有have to + (had to + )，疑问部分常用don't +主语(didn't +主语)。

We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?

6)陈述部分的谓语是used to 时，疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语。

He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?

7)陈述部分有had better + 疑问句部分用hadn't you?

You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?

8)陈述部分有would rather +，疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语。

He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?

9)陈述部分有You'd like to + 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。

You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?

10) 陈述部分有must 的疑问句，疑问部分根据实际情况而定。

He must be a doctor, isn't he?

You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you?

He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?

11) 感叹句中，疑问部分用be +主语。

What colours, aren't they?

What a smell, isn't it?

12)陈述部分由neither… nor, either… or 连接的并列主语时，疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。

Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?

13)陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。

Everything is ready, isn't it?

14) 陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句，疑问部分有三种情况：

并列复合句疑问部分，谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。

Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?

带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定：

He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?

He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?

上述部分主句谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句，疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。

I don't think he is bright, is he?

We believe she can do it better, can't she?

15) 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用单数he。

Everyone knows the answer, don't they?(does he?)

Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)

16) 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。

We need not do it again, need we ?

He dare not say so, dare you?

当dare, need 为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。

She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?

17)省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you。

Don't do that again, will you?

Go with me, will you / won't you ?

注意： Let's 开头的祈使句，后用shall we?

Let us 开头的祈使句，后用will you?

Let's go and listen to the music, shall we?

Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ?

18)陈述部分是"there be"结构的，疑问部分用there省略主语代词。

There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?

There will not be any trouble, will there?

19)否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。

It is impossible, isn't it?

He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?

20)must在表"推测"时，根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句。

He must be there now, isn't he?

It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it?

英语句子类型（4）

(1) 句型：Don’g + 动词原形……

Don’t make the same

Don’t look out of the

(2) 祈使句与陈述句的改写

祈使句=You must ……

Be = you must be

Don’t make any noise = You mustn’t make any

Please + 祈使句 = Will you please ……?

Please read after me = Will you please read after me?

英语句子类型（5）

反意疑问句由一个陈述句和一个简略形式的疑问句构成，中间用逗号隔开。通常有两种形式：

① 陈述句谓语用肯定形式 + 疑问句谓语用否定形式;

He is stupid, isn’t he?

② 陈述句谓语用否定形式 + 疑问句谓语用肯定形式;

He doesn’t like sports, does he?

(5) 如果陈述部分是主从复合句，那么疑问部分的谓语应该跟主语的谓语所用形式一样。

You never told us you are the headmaster, did you?

注意：

① used to用在句中时，也可用usen’t 或usedn’t来引起反意疑问句。He used to swim in winter, didn’t he? =

He used to swim in winter, usen’t he?

② 当陈述句中的主语为everybody, everyone, anyone, nobody, none, no one时，疑问部分通常要用they来代替。

Everybody admires him, don’t they?

③ 如果陈述句部分已经用了表示否定意义的词，如never, nothing, hardly,那么疑问部分应该使用肯定形式。

He never speaks loudly, does he?

④ 当陈述句部分的主语为everything, nothing, anything, something时，疑问部分的主语要用

Something is wrong with the machine, isn’t it?

Everything is in good order, isn’t it?

⑤ 祈使句的反意疑问句部分要用shall, will。

Let’s表示第一人称的祈使句，所以反意疑问句为“shall we?”, let me 和let us表示第二人称的祈使句，反意疑问句为“will you?”，其他行为动词引起的祈使句，反意疑问句都为“will you?”。祈使句的反意疑问句通常只有肯定形式。

Let’s go for a walk, shall we?

Let’s stop for a rest, will you?

⑥ 感叹句的反意疑问句要用“be”的现在时，对人的感叹，用“he”“you”等，对事物的感叹，用“it”，而且疑问部分必须用否定式。

What a clever boy, isn’t he?

What a wonderful lecture, isn’t it?

英语句子类型（6）

Let作为动词常常用于祈使句，但表达意义不相同

Let表示“建议”后面跟第一人称代词作宾语。

Let’s go to school together!Let me try

Let表示“间接命令或愿望”，后面接第三人称代词作宾语。

Let him work out the problem by

Let Li Ping be

感叹句表示说话时的惊讶、喜悦、气愤等情绪，带有强烈的感情色彩。感叹句主要有两种：

What + 名词词组;

What a beautiful day it is!

How + 形容词或副词

How well they have learned English!

How well he swims!

注意：

What 修饰单数可数名词时，如果这一名词有形容词修饰，也可以用how来引导感叹句，但是不定冠词a, an要放在形容词的后面。

What a beautiful park!

How beautiful a park it is!补充练习

英语句子类型（7）

祈使句结构

祈使句用以表达命令，要求，请求，劝告等。

1) 祈使句有两种类型，一种是以动词原形开头，在动词原形之前加do (但只限于省略第二人称主语的句子)。

Take this

Do be

否定结构：

Don't

Don't be

2) 第二种祈使句以let开头。Let 的反意疑问句

Let's 包括说话者

Let's have another try，shall we / shan't we?

= Shall we have another try?

Let us 不包括说话者

Let us have another try，will you / won't you?

= Will you please let us have another try?

否定结构：

Let's not talk of that

Let us not talk of that

感叹句结构

感叹句通常有what, how引导，表示赞美、惊叹、喜 悦、等感情。

what修饰名词，how 修饰形容词，副词或动词，感叹句结构主要有以下几种，掌握它的搭配，即掌握了感叹句的重点。

典型例题

1)___ food you've cooked!

How a What a How nice What nice

答案 由于How 修饰形容词，副词;what修饰名词。且food为不可数名词，因此A，B 排除。C How + 后面不能再加名词，因此只有D正确，其句型为What + + (不可数)

2)___terrible weather we've been having these days!

What What How How a

答案 weather为不可数名词，B，D排除。C为how + 后面不应有名词。只有A，符合句型What +形容词+不可数名词。

3) _____ I had!--You really suffered a

What a time What time How a time how time

答案感叹句分两类：

1：What + +主谓部分

2：How + / / +主谓部分。本题属第一种，但省略了bad，相对于 What a bad time I had! 这是个习惯用语。

强调句结构

常考的强调句结构是it 引导的句子。

It is (was) 被强调部分+ that (who) + 句子其他部分。

此结构强调的成分仅限于主语，宾语和状语。

It is from the sun that we get light and

It was not until I had read your letter that I understood the true state of

典型例题

1) It was last night ___ I see the

答案 强调句的结构是： It +be +强调部分 + that (who) + 主谓句。强调句的连词只有两个，that和who。当强调的部分是人，且为句子的主语时，才用 "who"，其余用that。

原句：My father did the experiment in the lab yesterday

强调主语： It was my father who did the experiment in the lab yesterday

强调宾语： It was the experiment that my father did in the lab yesterday

强调时间： It was yesterday evening that my father did the experiment in the (注意不用when)

强调地点： It was in the lab that my father did the experiment yesterday

2)It is ten years ___ Miss Green returned to

when since as

答案 考点是连词用法。 本题易误选为 其实本句不是强调句。若是，去掉It be… that还应是一个完整的句子。而本句去掉 'It is…that'，只剩下ten years Miss Green returned to 不成句。因此本句不是强调句。

It is /was +时间+ since…其中is<---> has been was <---> had

用助动词进行强调

强调句还有一种类型，就是用助动词do (did，does) 强调谓语。

She does like this

她的确喜欢这匹马。

Please do take care of

千万保重。

反意疑问句

1)陈述部分的主语是I，疑问部分要用 aren't

I'm as tall as your sister，aren't I?

2)陈述部分的谓语是wish，疑问部分要用may +主语。

I wish to have a word with you, may I?

3)陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, seldom, hardly, rarely, little等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。

The Swede made no answer, did he / she?

Some plants never blown (开花), do they ?

4)含有ought to 的反意疑问句，陈述部分是肯定的，疑问部分用shouldn't / oughtn't +主语。

He ought to know what to do, oughtn't he? / shouldn't he?

5)陈述部分有have to + (had to + )，疑问部分常用don't +主语(didn't +主语)。

We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?

6)陈述部分的谓语是used to 时，疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语。

He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?

7)陈述部分有had better + 疑问句部分用hadn't you?

You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?

8)陈述部分有would rather +，疑问部分多用 wouldn't +主语。

He would rather read it ten times than recite it, wouldn't he?

9)陈述部分有You'd like to + 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。

You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you?

10) 陈述部分有must 的疑问句，疑问部分根据实际情况而定。

He must be a doctor, isn't he?

You must have studied English for three years, haven't you? / didn't you?

He must have finished it yesterday, didn't he?

11) 感叹句中，疑问部分用be +主语。

What colours, aren't they?

What a smell, isn't it?

12)陈述部分由neither… nor, either… or 连接的并列主语时，疑问部分根据其实际逻辑意义而定。

Neither you nor I am engineer, are we?

13)陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it。

Everything is ready, isn't it?

14) 陈述部分为主语从句或并列复合句，疑问部分有三种情况：

并列复合句疑问部分，谓语动词根据邻近从句的谓语而定。

Smith had been to Beijing for several times, he should have been in China now, shouldn't he?

带有定语从句，宾语从句的主从复合句，疑问部分谓语根据主句的谓语而定：

He is not the man who gave us a talk, is he?

He said he wanted to visit Japan, didn't he?

上述部分主句谓语是think, believe, expect, suppose, imagine等引导的定语从句，疑问部分与宾语从句相对应构成反意疑问句。

I don't think he is bright, is he?

We believe she can do it better, can't she?

15) 陈述部分主语是不定代词everybody, anyone, somebody, nobody, no one等，疑问部分常用复数they，有时也用单数he。

Everyone knows the answer, don't they?(does he?)

Nobody knows about it, do they? (does he?)

16) 带情态动词dare或need的反意疑问句，疑问部分常用 need (dare ) +主语。

We need not do it again, need we ?

He dare not say so, dare you?

当dare, need 为实义动词时，疑问部分用助动词do + 主语。

She doesn't dare to go home alone, does she?

17)省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you。

Don't do that again, will you?

Go with me, will you / won't you ?

注意： Let's 开头的祈使句，后用shall we?

Let us 开头的祈使句，后用will you?

Let's go and listen to the music, shall we?

Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ?

18)陈述部分是"there be"结构的，疑问部分用there省略主语代词。

There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?

There will not be any trouble, will there?

19)否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。

It is impossible, isn't it?

He is not unkind to his classmates, is he?

20)must在表"推测"时，根据其推测的情况来确定反意疑问句。

He must be there now, isn't he?

It must be going to rain tomorrow, won't it?

英语句子类型（8）

主语与谓语的一致，句子中的谓语动词和主语在人称和数上必须一致。如：

I was having dinner when he came

He is now working at a

①谓语只跟主语的中心词保持一致，修饰词不影响主语的数：

The quality of this kind of bike is

There be结构和其他倒装句中，谓语通常放在主语的前面，这时谓语是单数还是复数，要依后面的主语而定，如：

There is no milk in the

There are no students iin the

②“one of ……”结构作主语，谓语应该用单数。如：

One of the students is

Making things is a good

What hurt her most is his

③由and连接两个或两个以上的名词，由“both…and…”连接的两个成分作主语，其谓语动词通常用复数形式，如：

Susan and Sally like pop

The worker and the peasant are going to give us a

④单数名词后面有下面词语修饰时，主语不受这些词或词组的影响

with…. like…as well as…together with…

He, as well as his classmates, likes popular

Mr Li, together with his wife and two songs, is on holiday these

⑤由连词“either…or…”,“neither…nor…”,“not only…but also…”,also, nor, or连接两个名词或代词，谓语动词的形式应与最近的主语保持一致

Neither I nor my brother is good at

Either you or I’m

注意：表示数量、时间、距离、金钱等的复数名词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。用于数学运算的数字作主语，谓语通常也用单数形式。如：

Ten pounds is

Two hours is a long

英语句子类型（9）

反意疑问句由一个陈述句和一个简略形式的疑问句构成，中间用逗号隔开。通常有两种形式：

① 陈述句谓语用肯定形式 + 疑问句谓语用否定形式;

He is stupid, isn’t he?

② 陈述句谓语用否定形式 + 疑问句谓语用肯定形式;

He doesn’t like sports, does he?

(5) 如果陈述部分是主从复合句，那么疑问部分的谓语应该跟主语的谓语所用形式一样。

You never told us you are the headmaster, did you?

注意：

① used to用在句中时，也可用usen’t 或usedn’t来引起反意疑问句。He used to swim in winter, didn’t he? =

He used to swim in winter, usen’t he?

② 当陈述句中的主语为everybody, everyone, anyone, nobody, none, no one时，疑问部分通常要用they来代替。

Everybody admires him, don’t they?

③ 如果陈述句部分已经用了表示否定意义的词，如never, nothing, hardly,那么疑问部分应该使用肯定形式。

He never speaks loudly, does he?

④ 当陈述句部分的主语为everything, nothing, anything, something时，疑问部分的主语要用

Something is wrong with the machine, isn’t it?

Everything is in good order, isn’t it?

⑤ 祈使句的反意疑问句部分要用shall, will。

Let’s表示第一人称的祈使句，所以反意疑问句为“shall we?”, let me 和let us表示第二人称的祈使句，反意疑问句为“will you?”，其他行为动词引起的祈使句，反意疑问句都为“will you?”。祈使句的反意疑问句通常只有肯定形式。

Let’s go for a walk, shall we?

Let’s stop for a rest, will you?

⑥ 感叹句的反意疑问句要用“be”的现在时，对人的感叹，用“he”“you”等，对事物的感叹，用“it”，而且疑问部分必须用否定式。

What a clever boy, isn’t he?

What a wonderful lecture, isn’t it?

英语句子类型（10）

(1) 句型：动词原形……(省略主语)。如：

Look at these holes!Please keep the classroom

(2) 有时，为了加强语气，可以在动词之前加do。

Do be study

(3) 祈使句中如果有呼语，一定要用逗号“，”隔开。放在句首或句尾。Come here, Li

英语句子类型（11）

(1) 句型：Don’g + 动词原形……

Don’t make the same

Don’t look out of the

(2) 祈使句与陈述句的改写

祈使句=You must ……

Be = you must be

Don’t make any noise = You mustn’t make any

Please + 祈使句 = Will you please ……?

Please read after me = Will you please read after me?

英语句子类型（12）

Let作为动词常常用于祈使句，但表达意义不相同

Let表示“建议”后面跟第一人称代词作宾语。

Let’s go to school together!Let me try

Let表示“间接命令或愿望”，后面接第三人称代词作宾语。

Let him work out the problem by

Let Li Ping be

感叹句表示说话时的惊讶、喜悦、气愤等情绪，带有强烈的感情色彩。感叹句主要有两种：

What + 名词词组;

What a beautiful day it is!

How + 形容词或副词

How well they have learned English!

How well he swims!

注意：

What 修饰单数可数名词时，如果这一名词有形容词修饰，也可以用how来引导感叹句，但是不定冠词a, an要放在形容词的后面。

What a beautiful park!

How beautiful a park it is!补充练习