高中必修一各单元英语知识点
Unit four Earthquakes
一、重点短语
right away 立刻,马上(= at once = in no time)
asleep 睡着的;熟睡地(fall asleep 入睡)
sleep 睡;睡眠
sleepy 犯困的
it seems that/ as if … 看来好像… ;似乎
in ruins 成为废墟
the number of …的数量(谓语动词用单数)
a number of 大量(谓语动词用复数)
rescue workers 营救人员
Come to one’s rescue 营救某人
be trapped 被困
how long 多长时间
how often 多久,指平率
how soon 还要多久(用于将来时当中,用in+时间段回答)
hundreds of thousands of 成千上万的
dig out 挖出
shake----泛指“动摇,震动”,常指左右、上下动摇,也可以指人“震惊,颤抖”
例: She felt the earth shaking under
She was shaken with
quake---- 指较强烈的震动,如地震
例: The building quaked on its foundation
Tremble---- 指人由于寒冷、恐惧、不安等引起的身体的抖动或声音的颤抖
例:Suddenly I saw her lips begin to tremble and tears begin to flow down her
Shiver---- 多指寒冷引起的颤抖、哆嗦
例:A sudden gust of cold wind made me
rise (rose—risen)---- vi, 上升;升起, 无被动语态;give rise to 引起
Raise(raised—raised)---- vt, 举起;筹集;养育
Arise ( arose—arisen)----vt, 出现(常指问题或现象)
injure---- 常指因意外事故造成的损伤,也可以指感情上名誉上的伤害
例:He was injured in a car
harm---- 泛指“伤害,损害”,既可以指有生命的,也可以指无生命的
例: He was afraid that his fury would harm the
His business was harmed for some
hurt---- 既可以指肉体上的伤害,也可以指精神上的伤害
例: She hurt her leg when she
He felt hurt at your
wound---- 一般指枪伤、刀伤等在战场上受的伤
例:The bullet wounded him in the
be prepared for …= make preparations for… 为…做准备
in one’s honor 向…表示敬意;为纪念
Be/ feel honored to do … 做…感到很荣幸
make /give/ deliver a speech 发言
opening speech 开幕词
give/ provide shelter to …向…提供庇护所
seek shelter from…躲避
happen to + 遭遇,发生
happen to do 偶然;碰巧
happen ----指偶然发生
take place----指事先计划好的事情发生
二、语法----定语从句
概念:在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。
成分:先行词,即被定语从句修饰的名词或代词;关系代词:that,which,who(宾格为whom,所有格为whose);或者关系副词where,when,why等。关系代词或关系副词处在先行词和定语从句之间,起着连接主从句的作用。
关系代词that的用法
关系代词that在定语从句中既能指人,也能指物;既能做主语,也能做宾语
例:1)A plane is a machine that can (指物,作主语)
2)The noodles (that) I cooked were (指物,作宾语)
3)Who is the man that is reading a book over there? (指人,作主语)
4)The girl (that) we saw yesterday was Jim’s sister,(指人,作宾语)
关系代词which的用法
关系代词which在定语从句中只能指物,但既可以做宾语也能作主语
例:1)They planted some trees which didn’t need much (作主语)
2)The fish (which) we bought this morning were not (作宾语)
关系代词who,whom的用法
关系代词who,whom 只能指人,在定语从句中分别作主语和宾语
例:1)The foreigner who helped us yesterday is from (作主语)
2)The person to whom you just talked to is (作宾语)、
关系代词whose在的用法
关系代词whose为关系代词who的所有格形式,其先行词既可以是人也可以是物,whose和它所修饰的名词在定语从句中既可以做主语也可以做宾语。
例:1)This is the scientist whose name is known all over the (指人,作主语)
2) The room whose window faces south is (指物,作主语)
3)He has written a book whose name I’ve (指物,作宾语)
关系副词when的用法
关系副词when在定语从句中作时间状语
例:1)I’ll never forget the time when (=during which) we worked on the
2) Do you remember the afternoon when (=on which) we first met three years ago?
关系副词where在定语从句中的用法
关系副词where在定语从句中做地点状语
例:1)This is the place where( =at/ in which) we first
2) The hotel where (= in which ) we stayed wasn’t very
关系副词why在定语从句中的用法
关系副词why在定语从句中作原因状语
例: 1). I didn’t get a pay rise, but this wasn’t the reason why(= for which) I
2). The reason why (=for which) he has late was that he missed the