高中英语语法总结大全
孙***
22-01-24
高三英语( 1 ) 定语从句
定语从句起了形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用，二是在从句中担当一个成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。
That与which, who, whom的用法区别：
As与which的区别：
限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别：
( 2 )状语从句
状语从句在主从复合句中修饰主句中的动词、形容词或副词等，按意义可分为地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较等。
1、时间状语从句
由从属连词when, whenever, as, while, before, since, once, I waited till he had finished his
when, as, while 作时间从属连词的区别。
When可引导持续性动作，又可引导短暂性动作。它可表示主从句的动作同时发生，或从句的动作发生在主句动作之前。 When I was a boy, I used to go to the seashore on (同时)
as 引导持续性动作，侧重表示主句和从句动作同时发生。 He hurried home, looking behind as he
while “在某一段时间里”、“在……期间”
While引导的动作必须是持续性的，它也强调主句和从句动作的同时发生，往往侧重主句和从句动作的对比。
Please don’t talk so loud while others are
_当when, as, while(正当……的时候)表示主句和从句的动作同时发生时，可以换用。
_当when引导的状语从句是系表结构(名词作表语)，其主语又和主句主语一致时，往往可用as引导的省略从句代替，应注意as在这里是连词，不是介词，后边名词与年龄有关。
As a young man(=when he was a young man)he was a
before 如果when和before引导的句子位于主句之后，有时要译为“才”、“这时”等。
He almost knocked me down before he saw I was having lunch when someone knocked at the
by the time, each time, every time, immediately, the moment, soon after, shortly after等也可以作为连词，引导时间状语从句。 Each time he came to Beijing on business, he would call on I recognized you the moment I saw
时间状语从句中的谓语动词一般不能用任何一种将来时,只能用现在时或过去时态表示将来时。
hardly…when; no sooner soon as
这两个句组只能用于过去时，即从句谓语动词用一般过去时，主句谓语动词用过去完成时。Hardly、no nooner放在句首时，主句主谓倒装。
He had hardly fallen asleep when he felt a soft touch on his
Hardly had he fallen asleep when he felt a soft touch on his
I had no sooner come home than it began to No sooner had I come home than it began to
2、 地点状语从句：where, wherever引导
Go back where you came Where there is water, there is
3、原因状语从句
由连词because, as, since, now than (既然，由于)
because引导的从句是全句意思的重心所在。在有上下文的情况下，可以不要主句而单独成句。as与since则不能。
在回答why开始的问句时只能用because。
_在强调句式中强调原因状语从句，只能用because引导从句，不能用as或
It was because he was ill that he didn’t go with
_as (由于)所引导的从句一般放在主句之前，说明原因;后边的主句说明结果。主句和从句表达的内容同等重要。 As there was no answer, I wrote
以as引导的从句位于主句之后时，它的力量更弱一些，类似一种附带的说明。As在口语中使用较多。
_since(既然，因为)：用以表示显然的或已知的理由、原因。从句的意思是次要的，主句是全句意思的重心所在。
Since he can not answer the question, you’d better ask someone
_now that与since, as 同义。其区别是now that用来说明一种新情况，然后再加以推论，从句与主句的因果关系很小，而since和as连接的句子因果关系比较明显。
Now that you have finished the work, you are free to do what you
注意：_用了以上表示原因的从属连词，主句不可再用并列连词
_并列连词for有时表示因果关系，有时是对前面分句的内容加以解释或推断。
当for表示因果关系时，可和从属连词because同样使用，但语气较弱。
He could not have seen me, for (or: because) I was not
4、目的状语从句
that, so that, in order that, for fear that(以免，唯恐)，lest(唯恐，免得)：lest从句中谓语(should)+v, in case (万一)等。
We remained at home lest(=for fear that) they should come in our
目的状语从句的消语常含有may(might),can, could, should, will等情态动词。通常主句在前，从句在后，主句与从句之间没有逗号。
_lest 只用于正式文体，在现代英语中多以for fear that, so that…not等代替。
5、结果状语从句
由连词that, so that, so…that , such…that
注意区别that, so that引导的目的状语从句和结果状语从句。根据上下文来判断，从句之前有逗号的常是结果状语从句;从句中有情态动词的多半是目的状语从句。
She hurried, so that she caught the (结果) She hurried so that she might catch the (目的)
6、条件状语从句
通常由if, unless(除非)，as long as, so long as只要，in case (that)万一
_unless 从句的谓语只能用肯定式
_主将从现
7、方式状语从句
连词as, as if(as though)等引导从句多用虚拟语气。 He walked as if he were
8、比较状语从句
as…as, not so (as)…as, than等引导 Peter swims as well as Tom
_the +比较级(从句)，the+比较级(主句) The harder we work, the happier we
9、让步状语从句
though, although, as(虽然)，even if, even though, whoever, whatever, whichever, whenever, however, no matter who (what, which, etc)
Wherever you work, you can always find time to
Whether he comes or not, we’ll discuss the problem this
_让步状语从句可放在句首、句中、句尾
though与although同义。Although 较为正式，多置于句首，as引导的让步状语从句多用于书面语。它比用though(although)引导的让步状语从句更有表现力，语气更强。As引导的让步状语从句要使语序部分倒装。
Child as he was, he had to help support the
_even if (though)从句所说的不一定是事实。 Though从句一般说的是事实。
_whether一般引导名词性从句。当引导让步状语从句时，必须有逗号和主句分开，而且其前边可加no
You’ll have to do it, (no matter) whether you like it or
_让步状语从句和主句之间不可再用but等纯并列连词，但可用yet, still, nevertheless等副词来加强语气。
Though he was tired, yet (still, nevertheless) he went on
_不可将no matter与“疑问词+ever”连用。
Whatever (no matter what )you say, I won’t agree you .
No matter whatever you say, I won’t agree with you .(错)
相关推荐
有关实践心得作文
刘***
部编版八年级下册语文古诗文重点
陈***
有关掌声为题的初中作文800字
当***
资治通鉴读书笔记500字
蓝***
高考语文备考复习资料介绍
勾***
天净沙教案设计(集合8篇）
P***
七年级生物上册知识点
S***
追风筝的人读书笔记
努***
幼儿园家庭教育促进宣传方案
唯***
如何复习才能达到好的效果
黄***