定语从句教学设计（1）

教学目标：

1.学生能掌握关系代词和关系副词的正确使用。

2.学生能正确理解整个句子的意思

教学重难点：定语从句中引导词（who, whom, whose，that , which，when，where, why）的正确使用 教学过程：

例子导入：

The girl is my sister.

is my sister.

先行词定语从句

一.定义：在复合句中，用来修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词、代词叫先行词。定语从句放在先行词之后。

先行词（物） ↘引导词（that指代the music）She is a 先行词（人）↘引导词（who指代a girl）

二.引导词who, whom, whose，that , which（表人、表物，作主语，宾语）

关系副词：when，where, why, （表时间、地点、原因，作状语）

（1）先行词表人时可用who，that或whom

分点练习：① He is a boy（______ is confident.）

主语

② (介词提前)

③ He is the teacher ( ______ you are waiting for.)

宾语

归纳总结：当先行词是人：①引导词在句中作主语，引导词用who，that

③引导词在从句中作宾语，引导词用who/whom

小试牛刀：1.Is this the man with ______ you went to the zoo yesterday?

A. who B. whom C. which

2.He is a man ( _______ we can learn).

A. whom B. from which C. from whomlearn from

【2013广东湛江】25. —Look! That is the woman I met yesterday.

—Oh? She’s my aunt.

A. whatB. who C. where D. when

【2013广东】45. The young lady ______ is interviewing Lin Zhixuan about the program I am a singer is from 21st Century Talent Net.

A. whoB. whom C. whichD. whose

（2）whose的使用

名词

A. whichB. whose C. that

引导词后面有名词（表所属）时，引导词用whose

（3）先行词表物时，用that或which

that与which的区别：

that和which都可表物，一般可互换，但下列情况只用that

1. I’m sure she has something ______ you can borrow.

A. thatB. which

⑴ 先行词为：that 2. I’ve read ⑵ 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时

4. This is the only book that belongs to him.

⑷先行词被the only, the very, the same, the best, the last等修饰时

6. There is a book on the desk belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的

⑹在

7 Who is the girl ______ spoke to you just now?

Which is the car ___

__ was made in China?

A. thatB. who C. which

[7].当主句 that

巩固练习： Who is the man ______ I saw yesterday.

小试牛刀： I like the music _______ he writes.A. /B. whoC. why D when

只用which的情况：

1.This is the house in ______ he lives.A. thatB. whichC. who

1.先行词是物，且介词提前用which

The school (______ my father works) looks very beautiful.

(my father works in the school)

A. which B. in thatC. in which

对比：Is this the man with ______ you went to the zoo yesterday?

A. who B. whom C. which

先行词是人，且介词提前用_______.

2.先行词（物）与引导词之间有逗号隔开（非限制性定语从句），用which 2.He lives in a house, _______ has many trees around it.

A. thatB. whichC. who

3.先行词为that, those时,用

which

3.What’在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?

【2011广东】44. The first thing _____ my brother is going to do this afternoon is to write a letter.

A. whichB. thatC. why D. who

【2011?广州】The story ______ I read the newspaper was about a common problem among teenagers.

A. whose B. who C. that D. where

【2013安徽】49. I still remember the college and the teachers_____________I visited in London years ago.

A. whatB. who C. that D. which

（4）关系副词when, where,why的用法：

先行词是一个表示时间的词如：time, hour, day, month, year时，其所对应的关系词如在定语从句中作时间状语(不充当从句的主语或宾语)，则用关系副词when。

1.()

A. that B. whichC. when

2.先行词,在句中作状语。

2. This is the factory ________ my father works.

拓展：当point, situation，conditions等词作先行词表抽象的地点,其后常由where引导

1.Can you think out a situation ________ this word can be used?

2. Her illness has developed to the point ________ nobody can cure her.

3. That is the reason (why) I did it.

Do you know the reason(why)she has changed her mind?

在定语从句中作时间、地点和原因状语时，关系副词互换。

The day when (=on which) she arrived was Thursday. 她到的那天是星期四。

July and August are the months when (=in which) the weather is hot. 七八月是天气很热的月份 This is the hotel where ( =in which / at which) they were staying. 这就是他们当时住的旅店 Do you remember the place where (=at which) we had lunch? 你记得我们吃午饭的地方吗?

The reason why (=for which) I came here was to be with my family. 我到这里来的原因是要跟我的家里人在一起

小试牛刀：This is the factory in ________ my father works.

解析：这里填which，in which=where

拓展：判断找引导词是关系代词或关系副词，找出定语从句的主谓宾，先使其变为简单的肯定句看缺什

么成分。

This is the city (which/that) you visited last year.

（you visited the city last year）.先行词直接充当visited的宾语，缺的是宾语，所以用which或that

2如：This is the city where you stayed last year.

先行词也是the city，将其放入定语从句中不能直接作成分，必须加上介词in，一起做从句的地点状语，相当于in +which所以此处用where.就必须要求;而系副词。）

小试牛刀：1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days age?

2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.

A. whereB. thatC. on whichD. the one

解析：例1变为肯定句： This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago. 所缺部分为主句的表语，从句的宾语，而where, on which都不能起到宾语的作用，而that只作从句宾语，还缺主句的表语, 只有the one既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词that，所以应选D。

例2变为肯定句： This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held. 主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因 in the museum词组，可用介词in + which 引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on 用的不对，所以选A。

巩固练习：2 Ill never forget the days______I spent in the countryside.

A. whereB. thatC. on whichD.when

2012广东】42. There will be a flower show in the park

A. who B. when C. what D. Which

we visited last week.

定语从句中谓语的形式

① There are the twins who ______ in the next door. A. liveB. lives C. lived

② A. tellB. is telling C. tells

先行词

总结：㈠从句谓语动词的单复数与_先行词_的单复数一致，（当引导词充当定语从句的主语时）

巩固练习：

1.The silk _______ is made in Hangzhou sells well.

A. thatB. who C. what D. /

2.In the dark street ,there wasn’t a single person _____she could turn for help.

A .thatB. whoC. from whom D. to whom

3.Do you live near the building ______color is yellow?

A. that B. which C. whose D. its

定语从句教学设计（2）

定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。

关系代词有：who， whom， whose， that， which等。

关系副词有：when， where， why等。

一．关系代词引导的定语从句

关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

1）who， whom， that

这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如：

Is he the man who/that wants to see you?

他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）

He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.

他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）

2）whose用来指人或物，（只用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如：

They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.

那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。

Please pass me the book whose（of which）cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。

3）which， that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如：

A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.

农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语）

The package（which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.

你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语）

二．关系副词引导的定语从句

关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。

1）关系副词when， where， why的含义相当于“介词+ which”结构，因此常常和“介词+ which”结构交替使用。例如：

There are occasions when（on which）one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。

Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born. 北京是我的出生地。

Is this the reason why（for which）he refused our offer?

这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？

2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when， where， why和“介+which”引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如：

His father died the year（that / when / in which）he was born.

他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。

He is unlikely to find the place（that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago.

他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。

三．判断关系代词与关系副词

方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如：

This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.这是我去年呆过的山村。

Ill never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。

判断改错：

（错）This is the mountain village where I visited last year.

（错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside.

（对）This is the mountain village（which）I visited last year.

（对）Ill never forget the days（which）I spent in the countryside.

习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where， when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。

方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关系副词。

例1. Is this museum ___ you visited a few days ago?

A. where B. that C. on which D. the one

例2. Is this the museum ____ the exhibition was held.

A. where B. that C. on which D. the one

答案：例1 D，例2 A。

例1变为肯定句：This museum is ___ you visited a few days ago.

例2变为肯定句：This is the museum ___ the exhibition was held.

在句1中，所缺部分为宾语，而where， that， on which都不能起到宾语的作用，只有the one既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词，所以应选D。

而句2中，主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因in the museum词组，可用介词in + which引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on用的不对，所以选A。

关系词的选择依据在从句中所做的成分，先行词在从句中做主、定、宾语时，选择关系代词（who， whom，that， which， whose）；先行词在从句中做状语时，应选择关系副词（where地点状语，when时间状语，why 原因状语） 。

四．限制性和非限制性定语从句

定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开。例如：

This is the house which we bought last month.

这是我们上个月买的那幢房子。（限制性）

定语从句教学设计（3）

一、非限制性定语从句与限制性定语从句的区别

限制性定语从句，顾名思义，是对先行词从本质或特征上进行限制的一种定语从句，它所修饰的词代表一个(些)或一类特定的人或事、物。

例如: A man who doesn’t want to learn from others can’t achieve much. 一个不向别人学习的人是不能指望有多大成就的。 A man被限定后，指一类特定的人。

限制性定语从句是不能去掉的，否则剩下的部分就失去意义而不能成立。非限制性定语从句则不然，它只对所修饰的词作进一步的说明，去掉之后并不影响整个句子的含义。在形式上，非限制性定语从句与主句之间通常必须有逗号隔开。

例如: Finally we visited the Giant Yangtze Gorges Dam， which is the greatest key water control project in the world at present.

最后我们参观了长江三峡大坝，它是目前世界上最大的水利枢纽工程。

本句若去掉定语从句，主句部分的含义仍然完整。历年的高考题中，非限制性定语从句是出现频率最高的考点之一，因此值得我们注意。

二、引导非限制性定语从句的which可以指代前面的先行词，也可以指代前面整个句子。

例如: That Peter will marry Alice， which has not been announced yet， has spread around.

彼特要娶爱丽斯这件事还没宣布，却已被传得沸沸扬扬。

句子中的which指代“彼特要娶爱丽斯”这件事。

三、除which外，还可用when， where， who，whom等关系副词或关系代词引导非限制性定语从句。

例如: After graduation， I decided to stay in Chongqing， where I spent my childhood and four years of college life. 毕业后，我决定留在重庆，在那里我度过了我的童年和四年大学生活。 Albert Einstein left Germany for the United States during World War II， when Jews were badly treated in Germany. 第二次世界大战期间，爱因斯坦离开德国去了美国，那时犹太人在德国受到极大的歧视。 注意:that不能引导非限制性定语从句。

四、在限制性定语从句中，如果先行词作宾语时，引导词可以省略;

但引导非限制性定语从句的引导词不能省，同时关系代词whom不能用who替换。试比较: The American journalist (whom / who) the announcer mentioned in the news broadcast is said to have been killed by the gangsters. 播音员在新闻广播中提到的那位美国记者据说已经被匪徒杀害了。 He was eager to go to the hospital to see his stepmother， whom he loved and respected as his own mother. 他急于想去医院看望他的继母，他像对亲生母亲一样爱戴和尊敬她。

巩固性练习:

从A、B、C、D中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. She heard the terrible noise， _____ brought her heart into her mouth.

A. it B. which C. this D. that

2. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play， ____， of course， made the others unhappy. A. who B. which C. this D. what

3. The weather turned out to be very good，____ was more than we could expect. A. what B. which C. that D. it

4. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase，____ was very reasonable. A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose

5. The youngest nurse has worked for 30 days in the SARS hospital， ____ she spent her 19th birthday. A. that B. which C. where D. and

(答案bbbc)

定语从句教学设计（4）

一、设计背景

1． 初步掌握及运用定语从句，如让学生用定语从句来完成对人物喜欢的人物进行描述，如I like music that I can dance to.She is the only one who’s studying French.等。

2．本课的学习任务就是能初步掌握及运用定语从句，为了使学生顺利地完成教学任务，教师以学生为主体，为学生设计了几个以他们的认知水平出发的符合生活实际的他们感兴趣的一环扣一环的子任务，每个子任务紧紧围绕总任务展开，再深入，在一个一个完成任务的活动中培养学生的能力。

二．教学目标

（1）语言目标：能用定语从句较自如地描述及谈论人和物。在活动中训练学生的听力，口头表达能力，培养学生的观察，想象和创造力。

（2）情感目标：促进同学间积极合作交流，发展同学间的友谊 。

2．教学方法：多媒体的运用能创设真实的语言情景，学生也很感兴趣，极大地鼓动了学生学习英语的积极性，而且呈现在课堂上能使教学更生活化，也更直观和具体。

三、教学方法

以学生为主体，用多媒体辅助教学，通过帮助学生理解、归纳、总结、讨论等方式学习定语从句，由于本节课是学生第一次系统学习定语从句，要达到让学生初步掌握定语从句这一目的。

四、学法指导、自主学习、合作学习

五、教学过程

第一环节： 观察以下例句：

1.The red pen is broken.

2.The pen on the desk is broken.

3.The pen that I bought yesterday is broken.

导入：通过对定语的理解，导入定语、定语从句的概念，定语：用来修饰名词或代词的词、短语或句子，当修饰词是一个句子时被称为定语从句。通常置于它所修饰的词之后，这种被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的关联词为关系代词和关系副词，关系代词在定语从句中可用作主语、宾语、定语等，关系副词在定语从句中只用作状语。

例句分析：

I like to have friends who are like me.

I like to have friends who are different from me.

He is the only one who is studying French.

Be careful of the person who doesn’t speak and the dog that doesn’t bark.

You can’t wake up a person who pretends to sleep.

He who can’t get to the Great Wall is not a true man.

I like musicians who play different kinds of music.

Another that he found very difficult is grammar.

The other day, my friends and I talked about the rules that we have in school.

Being a professional athlete is the only thing that I have ever wanted to do.

I like music that I can sing along with.

I like music that has great lyrics.

I like music that I can dance to.

得出结论1)当先行词是物时

a.关系代词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语时，用which/that引导，且不能省略.b.关系代词代替先行词在定语从句中作宾语时，用which/that引导，且可以省略.

2)当先行词是人时

a.关系代词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语时，用who/that引导，且不能省略.b.关系代词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语时，用who/that/whom引导，且可以省略.

第二环节：在学生对定语从句有了初步的了解后，创设情境，学以致用，让学生分组活动，根据多媒体呈现的情境，有创造性地造句：

This is a singer who/that …

who is a boy.

who is very shy.

who writes his own songs.

who has a song calledQinghuaci.

Who I like best.

It’s an animal that/which is very strong.

It’s an animal that/which has long nose and big ears.

It’s an animal that/which I like very much.

第三环节：在学生对一般的规律都把握好以后，把学生的易错点和定语从句的考点呈现在屏幕上，让学生仔细观察并作出总结，该环节设计得很好，很好地训练了学生的观察能力和主动探究的能力，效果较好。

仔细观察：你会发现什么？

1) I prefershoesthat are cool.

2) I likea pizzathat is really delicious.

3) I lovesingerswho are beautiful.

4) I havea friendwho plays sports.

学生观察后得出的`结论为：

who/that在定语从句中做主语时,谓语动词的单复数应与先行词保持一致。

第四环节：小节本堂课的内容

什么是定语？

什么是定语从句？

定语从句的结构是什么？

关系词有几重作用？

此环节让学生对所学的`知识加以升华，并在大脑里形成知识框架，把知识系统化。

第五五环节：巩固练习---以检查学生是否真正掌握本堂课的知识，实践证明，学生掌握得很好。

第六环节：合作探究

留给学生的问题

1.如果先行词既有人又有物，用什么关系词？

2.如果先行词是时间，用什么关系词？

3.如果先行词是地点，用什么关系词？

4.关系词whose怎么用？

通过此环节给学生留下思维拓展的空间，也为以后的学习做好铺垫，体现学习的延续性。

课堂小结：通过例子让学生总结定语从句的规律和特点，同时总结不同关系词的用法。在这节课中，学生对定语从句这一语法项目有了不同程度的巩固和深化。

六、课后反思：

提倡任务型教学活动，是为了让学生们在教师的指导下，通过感知，体验，实践，参与合作等方式，力求最大限度地把语言能力的培养落实到教学过程的每一个环节，逐步实现预定的任务目标并感受成功。我在这堂课的设计里要求自己新颖别致，突出故事的完整性，要有一气呵成的感觉，重点落实，定语从句自始至终贯穿每个环节，活而不乱，生动有趣，贴近生活，气氛活跃。能发挥学生们的主体互动性和能动性，在完成任务的过程中能积极参与。课后感觉任务型教学有所体现，学生们积极性高，参与面广，训练量较大，能初步运用定语从句。

但在教学过程中，我意识到：有个别学生基础太差，虽在课堂中他们也积极参与，但有时很盲目，甚至不知道老师和同学们在进行什么内容，从他们的目光和神态中，我了解到他们对知识的渴求，我暗自告诉自己，一定要帮助他们，这很难，但一定要坚持，决不放弃。