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老托福阅读试题及答案：PASSAGE19

吴*** 22-04-29 英语文摘

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History Well before Columbus 'discovered' America in 1492, prehistoric tribes from Asia had come across the Bering Strait; and around AD 1000, the Vikings, the first European vistors, had tried to settle in northern By the time subsequent Europeans arrived, Canada's Indian tribes had already developed a multitude of languages, customs, religious beliefs, trading patterns, arts and crafts, laws and Although a number of European countries were interested in establishing settlements in the Americas, it was French explorer Jacques Cartier who made the first claim on the area surrounding the St Lawrence River in Another French explorer, Samuel de Champlain, founded Quebec City in the early In 1663 Canada, now home to about 3000 French settlers, became a province of Just as the French started to thrive on the fur trade, the British entered the scene, founding the Hudson's Bay Company in 1670 to add a bit of 'friendly' For a while, the two European cultures coexisted Then, in 1745, British troops captured a French fort in Nova Scotia - the struggle for control of the new land was The turning point in what became known as the Seven Years' War arrived when the British defeated the French at Quebec City in At the Treaty of Paris in 1763, France handed Canada over to By the end of the American Revolution (1775-83), a migration of about 50,000 British 'Loyalists' from the USA created a more even balance between the French and British After the War of 1812 - the last war between Canada and the USA, in which Canada was victorious - Britain, fearful of losing Canada as it had the American Colonies, proclaimed the British North America Act (BNA Act) in The Act established the Dominion of Canada and became Canada's equivalent of a By 1885 the completion of the Canadian Pacific Railway - one of Canada's great historical sagas - joined the country's east and west By 1912 all provinces had become part of the central government except Newfoundland, which finally joined in After WWI Canada grew slowly in stature and prosperity, becoming a voluntary member of the Commonwealth in With the onset of WWII, Canada once again fought alongside Britain against Germany, though this time it also entered into defense agreements with the USA, declaring war on Japan after the attack on Pearl In the years after WWII, Canada experienced a huge wave of European immigration, with a further influx of Asians, Arabs, Indians, Italians, Hispanics and Caribbeans arriving in the The postwar era was a period of economic expansion and In 1967 Canada celebrated its 100th anniversary with Expo, the World's Fair in Montreal, as one of the Since 1975, a series of land rights agreements has been signed with Canada's native peoples, giving them some control over vast swathes of the northern portion of the The social upheavals of the 1960s brought to the surface the festering resentments that French-speaking Quebec had with English-speaking In 1976 the Parti Quebecois (PQ), advocating separatism, won the provincial election in Quebec, though sentiments on the issue have since waxed and In the 1980 sovereignty referendum, the separatists were defeated by 60% of the In October 1995, the vote was extremely close, with Canada coming within a few thousand votes of breaking The prime minister, Jean Chrtien, has since attempted to appease the Quebeckers by recognising the province as a 'distinct society'. In 20XX, Chrtien held an early election and secured his third consecutive Meanwhile, the passing of former prime minister Pierre Trudeau continues to be mourned, and disappointment over the nation's failed bid to hold the 20XX Olympics (losing to Beijing) is only slowly

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