虚拟语气的句式有哪些及用法
虚拟语气的结构及用法
非真实条件句式: 从句 主句 (现在时)if+主语+were/did/were doing 主语+should/would+do (过去时)if+主语+had gone 主语+should/would+have done (将来时)与现在时一样 其它从句用法:would/should+动词原型 还有一些其它特殊用法,要列举就太多了,最好看下语法书,写的很清楚的.
:虚拟语气是一个比较困难的语法问题。然而只要我们好好总结一下虚拟语气的构成和用法,那就可以化难为易了。现将虚拟语气有关用法归纳如下: 1.虚拟语气在条件句中的用法 (1)若表示与现在事实相反的假设,则条件从句中用过去式,主句中用过去将来式(would,should,could,might + 动词原形);若表示某事将来实现的可能性不大,则条件从句中用should + 动词原形也可用“were to+动词原形”或用过去式动词。
如: I would certainly go if I had time.(现在) If it should rain,we wouldn”t go out。(将来) If I knew German,I would read the paper to you.(现在) If he were here,we could ask him.(现在) (2)若表示与过去事实相反的假设,从句中用过去完成式,主句中用过去将来完成式(should,would,could,might + have + 过去分词)。
如: If I had set off a little earlier, I would have caught the train. She would / might have come if she hadn”t been so busy. If I hadn”t taken your advice,I would have made a bad mistake. If only you hadn”t told him the news. (3)含有虚拟语气的条件状语从句中,如有had,should,were 这三个词的话,在正式或书面语言中可将if省略,再将句子的主语和谓语动词实行全部倒装或部分倒装。
如: Had they time(=If they had time),they would certainly come and help us. Should it be fine(=If it should be fine),we would go for an outing. Were I go(=If I were you), I would go. (4)若主句从句所指的时间不一致,即条件从句表示与过去事实相反,主句表示与现在事实相反;或者条件从句表示与现在事实相反,主句表真实情况,则从句中应采用与具体时间相对应的虚拟形式。
如: If it had rained last night(过去),It would be very cold today(现在). If I had taken your advice(过去),I should have no trouble with the work now(现在). 2.虚拟语气在宾语从句中的用法 在动词suggest,order,demand,propose,request,command,insist等后的宾语从句中,用虚拟语气(即Should+动词原形或只用动词原形)来表示愿望、建议、命令、请求等。
在动词wish /would rather后的宾语从句中,用过去式表示与现在事实不符,用过去完成式表示与过去事实不符。如: I suggest that we(should)set off at once. The doctor insisted that the patient (should)be X-rayed. I wish I were as strong as you. I would rather that you hadn”t told him. 3.虚拟语气在主语从句中的用法 在It is necessary/important/strange/natural;It is requested/suggested/desired/proposed;it is a pity等结构后的主语从句中要用虚拟语气,即Should+动词原形或只用动词原形。
如: It is necessary that he(should)be sent there at once. It is requested that Professor Li(should)give us a speech. It is desired that we(should)get everything ready by tonight. 4.虚拟语气在表语从句、同位语从句中的用法。
在 suggestion, proposal,idea,plan,order,advice等名词后的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气,即should+动词原形或只用动词原形。如: Our suggestion is that you( should)be the first to go. My advice is that we(should)send for Doctor Li. Do you know the order that you(should)keep watch? 5.虚拟语气在其他状语从句中的用法 在as if引导的状语从句中,用过去式表示与现在事实不符,用过去完成式表示与过去事实不符;在so that,in order that引导的状语从句中,常用should/would/could/might+动词原形来表示虚拟语气。
如: They talked as if they had been friends for years. She stayed at home for a few days so that she could take care of her mother. He took a taxi to the station so that she should not miss the train. 6.虚拟语气在定语从句中的用法: 在it is time后面的定语从句中常用过去式表示虚拟。
。
have过去分词+would+过去分词
答:1.与现在事实相反:if从句:过去时(be用were) 主句:would/should/could/might动词原形 2.与过去事实相反:if从句:had+过...详情>>
答:可能各省的情况有所不同,我是浙江省的,我也有自考单科合格证丢掉的经历 我是这样做的 拿着自考准考证和身份证去自己报考的自考办把情况说明,自考办的会用你的准考证 ...详情>>
答:不要着急 放宽心 现在再着急也不能改变分数了阿 17号出分数线详情>>